A HISTORY OF CORNWALL 



3 1 . Phihdnmus caispiticons, Walckenaer. 



Liskeard. 



This species is possibly only a variety of the last- 

 named, and frequents similar situations. Known also 

 as P. cespiticolens, Blackwall. 



32. Tibellus obhngus, Walckenaer. 



Falmouth. 



A long, very narrow, dull white or straw-coloured 

 spider, often common amongst dry grass in many 

 different localities. It attains, however, its largest 

 size amongst the sedge grass and rushes in swamps 

 and bogs. The elongate form assists in their con- 

 cealment from foes as the spiders lie close to the pale 

 rush stems and slender dry blades. Known also as 

 Phikdromus or Thanatus obhngus. 



33. Xysticus criitatut, Clerck. 



Liskeard ; Polperro. 

 This is by far the commonest of the ' crab-spiders,' 



and is found abundantly on foliage or crouching on 

 bare places in fields and commons. Known also 

 under Thomisus. 



34. Xysticus erraticus, Blackwall. 



Falmouth. 



A larger species than the last, having, instead 

 of a narrow wedge-shaped dark central bar on 

 the carapace, a broad spade-shaped dull red band 

 margined with white. Known also as Thomisus 

 erraticus. 



35. Oxyptila blackwaJRi, Simon. 



Polperro. 

 Known also as Thomisus claveatus, Blackwall. 



36. Oxyptila sanctuaria, O. P.-Cambridge. 



Penzance (O. P.-C.) ; Whitsand Bay (G. C. B.). 

 A very rare little species. 



SALTICIDAE 



The spiders of this family may be recognized in a 

 general way by their mode of progression, consisting 

 of a series of leaps, often many times their own length. 

 More particularly they may be known by the square 

 shape of the cephalic region and the fact that the eyes 

 are arranged in three rows of 4, 2, 2 ; the centrals of 

 the anterior row being much the largest and usually 

 iridescent. Those of the second row are the smallest, 

 while the posterior pair is placed well back and helps 

 to give the quadrate character to the carapace. 

 Otherwise these spiders are simply specialized 

 Clubionids with two tarsal claws and other minor 

 characters possessed in common with members of this 

 latter family. They can be beaten from foliage or 

 found amongst herbage and under stones. The 

 commonest, Salticui scenicus, will be known to all 

 observers, running and leaping on the walls of houses 

 in the bright sunshine. 



37. Salticus scenicus, Clerck. 

 Downderry (G. C. B.) ; Mawnan. 



A black species with white lateral stripes. Known 

 also as Epiblemum sccnicum. 



38. Euophrys erraticus, Walckenaer. 



Liskeard ; Falmouth. 



Not rare on stone walls under the coping stones in 

 the summer. 



39. Euopkrys frontaRs, Walckenaer. 



Downderry Cliffs (G. C. B.). 

 Known also as Salticus frontaRs. 



40. Euophrys petrensis, C. L. Koch. 

 Treganthe (G. C. B.). 



A very minute little salticid with brilliant red hairs 

 over the eyes. Known also as Salticus coccociliatui, 

 O. P.-Cambridge. 



41. Attus pubescens, Fabricius. 



Gerrans Bay. 

 Known also as Salticus sparsus, Blackwall. 



42. HeRophanus cupreus, Walckenaer. 

 Treganthe (G. C. B.) ; Polperro. 



Known also as Salticus cupreus. 



43. Heliophanus flavipes, C. L. Koch. 



Mawnan ; Polperro. 



44. Ergane falcata, Clerck. 

 Mawnan. 



Not uncommon on bushes in the summer months. 

 Known also as Hasarius falcatus and Salticui coronatus, 

 Walckenaer. 



PISAURIDAE 



Spiders with eight eyes in three rows of 4, 2, 2 ; 

 the small anterior eyes being sometimes in a straight 

 line, sometimes recurved, and sometimes procurved. 

 Those of the other two rows are situated in the form 

 of a rectangle of different proportions, and are much 

 larger than the eyes of the anterior row. The tarsal 

 claws are three in number. Pisaura runs freely over 



the herbage, carrying its egg-sac beneath the sternum ; 

 while Dolomedes is a dweller in marshes and 

 swamps. 



45. Pisaura mirabilis, Clerck. 



Mawnan ; Liskeard. 

 Known also as Dolomedes or Ocyale mirabilis. 



LYCOSIDAE 



The members of this family are to be found run- 

 ning freely over the ground, and carrying the egg-sac 

 attached to the spinners. Many of the larger species 

 make a short burrow in the soil and there keep guard 

 over the egg-sac. Eyes and tarsal claws as in 

 Pisauridae with slight differences. 



248 



46. Lycosa ruricola, De Geer. 



Whitsand Cliffs (G. C. B.) ; Gerrans Bay ; 

 Polperro. 



Very similar to the next species, but the male has 

 a claw on the palpus and the female a much smaller 



