FISHES 



young specimen only 6$ inches long was 

 taken by Mr. Holt in July 1897 at the 

 mouth of the Lynher or St. Germans river 

 in the Hamoaze. 



9. Bogue. Box vulgarh, Cuv. & Val. 



The first specimen in British waters was 

 obtained at Falmouth in 1843 in a seine. 

 Several others have been obtained at the 

 same place. In March 1873 a specimen 

 12 inches long was taken in Helford river. 



10. Common Sea Bream. Pagellus centro- 



dontus, De la Roche. 



Common all round the coast. The young 

 are called chad, though these are often sup- 

 posed to be of a distinct species. Chad take 

 a bait very freely in summer and autumn. 

 Large bream are often abundant at the Run- 

 nelstone Buoy near the Land's End. 



11. Spanish Bream. Pagellus bogaraveo, 



Brunn. 



Not very rare, but only single specimens 

 are taken, usually with hook and line. 



12. Axillary Bream. Pagellus owenii, Gttn- 



ther. 

 Has been recorded from Cornwall. 



13. Pagellus acarne, Cuv. & Val. 



A specimen in the British Museum from 

 Cornwall ; it was in Leach's collection. 



1 4. Pandora Sea Bream. Pagellus erythrinus, 



Linn. 



Common. Day states that the young were 

 abundant at Mevagissey in August 1880. 



15. Couch's Sea Bream. Pagrus orphus, 



Risso. 



According to Day the only undoubted 

 British specimen was one obtained by Couch 

 about two miles south of Polperro, and de- 

 scribed by him as a new species. The 

 specimen was 2O inches long and 6 Ib. in 

 weight. 



1 6. Gilt-Head. Pagrus auratus, Linn. 

 Another rare visitor. Mr. Cocks obtained 



two in the Falmouth market in 1846. In 

 1870 Mr. Cornish recorded one i8 inches 

 long, taken at Penzance in a mullet net 

 (Zoo/.) 



17. Red Mullet. Mullus barbatus, Linn.; 



var. surmuletus, Linn. 



Common, but not very abundant. In 

 March they are found some miles out at sea, 

 and are taken by the trawlers. After June 

 they come close in shore and are taken in 



ground seines ; they are also caught with 

 trammels and set-nets. In Helford river the 

 owners of yachts catch them in considerable 

 numbers with trammels. 



The plain mullet, M. barbatus, is the 

 Mediterranean form, the striped mullet the 

 form found in the Atlantic and off the south 

 coast of England. It is doubtful whether the 

 plain form has ever been taken in Cornwall. 



1 8. Ballan Wrasse. Labrus maculatus, Linn. 

 Very common on rocky shores among sea- 

 weed. It is very variable in colour, the 

 commonest coloration being brown or greenish 

 with a bright blue or white spot on every 

 scale. Specimens taken in Zostera may be 

 of a uniform green ; the L. lineatus of Dono- 

 van is a variety of a green colour with yellow 

 streaks. The var. L. comber, Gmel., has dark 

 transverse bars dorsally, and a white band 

 along the side. But Mr. Holt has shown 

 that the same individual can change its colour 

 in a short time. 



19. Cook or Cuckoo Wrasse. Labrus mixtus, 



Linn. 



Fairly common, but usually in deeper 

 water than the ballan wrasse. The colours 

 of the male are very brilliant, red with blue 

 stripes. The female is yellow, with three 

 black spots on the hinder part of the back. 



20. Conner. Crenilabrus me/ops, Linn. 

 Very common. 



21. Jago's Goldsinny. Ctenolabrus rupestris, 



Linn. 



Common. Mevagissey, Mount's Bay and 

 elsewhere. 



22. Scale-rayed Wrasse. Acantholabrus pal- 



loni, Risso. 



Two specimens recorded by J. Couch ; one 

 taken in 1830 at Deadman Point in up- 

 wards of 50 fathoms of water ; the other was 

 10 inches long. 



23. Rock Cook. Centrolabrus exoletus, Linn. 

 Not uncommon. 



24. Rainbow Wrasse. Carts julis, Linn. 



A Mediterranean species of which the 

 female is dull coloured, and has been de- 

 scribed as a separate species under the name 

 C. glofredi. A male, a little over 7 inches 

 in length, was taken in Mount's Bay in 1802, 

 and came into the possession of Donovan. 



*2$. Miller's Thumb. Coitus gobio, Linn. 

 Common in rivers. 



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