A HISTORY OF CORNWALL 



26. Father-lasher, Short spined Bull-head. 



Cottus scorpius, Linn. 



This species is the northern form, and is 

 comparatively rare on the Cornish coast. 



27. Long-spined Bull-head. Cottus bubalis, 



Euphr. 



Very common in rock pools and near the 

 shore, and also in deeper water. The 

 ordinary specimens are black or dark brown, 

 with yellow patches, but specimens are some- 

 times obtained from deep water in which 

 these colours are replaced by red and white. 

 Day mentions such a specimen obtained at 

 Mevagissey. 



28. Grey Gurnard. Trig/a gurnardus, Linn. 

 Abundant on the trawling grounds. 



29. Piper. Trig/a lyra, Linn. 

 Fairly common. 



30. Tub or Sapphirine Gurnard. Trig/a 



hirundo. Linn. 



Common and valuable, but less abundant 

 than the grey gurnard. 



31. Streaked Gurnard. Trig/a tinea ta, Gmel. 

 A somewhat rare species first obtained by 



Mr. Jago in Cornwall. Mr. Cornish stated 

 that he obtained twenty-nine at Penzance 

 from 1858 to 1866 (Zool. 1866). Mr. Holt 

 (Journ. M.B.A. \. 109) says this is called the 

 Polperro bull-dog at Plymouth, and is one of 

 the commonest gurnards of the district in deep 

 water, and that it was taken on one occasion 

 in Cawsand Bay. 



32. Red Gurnard or Elleck. Trig/a cuculus, 



Linn. 



Common on the trawling grounds. 



33. Lanthorn Gurnard. Trig/a obscura, 



Linn. 



Mr. Cocks obtained specimens at Falmouth 

 and Helford river. It only occurs occasionally. 

 It is common in the Mediterranean. 



34. Pogge or Armed Bull-head. Agonm 



catapkractus, Linn. 

 Rare, but occurs occasionally. 



35. Armed Gurnard. Peristethus cataphractus. 



/-* i 

 Gmel. 



Was taken in 1849 in Mount's Bay. J. 

 Couch records two taken off Gorran, and 

 another from Penzance. 



36. Lumpsucker. Cyclopterus lumpus, Linn. 

 This is distinctly a northern species, 



common in Greenland and absent from the 

 Mediterranean. It can scarcely be said to be 



296 



a resident of Cornwall, and I know of no 

 record of its spawning there. Wanderers 

 however are occasionally taken. Mr. Cor- 

 nish records in the Zoologist a male full of 

 milt, of the size and colour of a female, taken 

 in a mackerel drift net off Penzance in March 

 1873, and two females captured in the same 

 way in 1876. J. Couch also mentions that 

 they are occasionally taken in drift nets at the 

 surface. This is not in accordance with their 

 structure and usual habits, but indicates that 

 they sometimes swim in open water. Mr. J. 

 B. Cornish records both a male and a female 

 at Penzance in 1894 (Zool. 1894). 



37. Sea Snail. Liparis vulgaris, Flem. 

 Also a species of northern latitudes. Rare 



in Cornwall ; has been taken at Falmouth. 



38. Montagu's Sucker. Liparis montagui, 



Cuv. 



Occurs, but is not abundant. 



39. Two-spotted Goby. Gobius ruthensparri, 



Euphr. 



According to Day it is rather rare in Corn- 

 wall, but is probably fairly common in Zostera 

 and Laminarla beds. Holt states that it is 

 fond of laying its eggs inside the bulbous roots 

 of L. bulbosa. This naturalist has recently 

 published an excellent revision of the British 

 and Irish Gobiidae (Rep. Fisheries of Ireland 

 for 1901, pt. II. Scientific Investigations ; Dep. 

 AgricuL and Tech. Educ. Ireland, 1903). 



40. Willughby's Goby. Gobius paganellus, 



Gmel. 



Abundant among rock-pools and under 

 stones between tide marks, and on rough 

 ground in shallow water. 



41. Rock Goby. Gobius niger, Linn. 

 Common in estuaries. According to Holt 



the name rock goby is not very appropriate, 

 as it occurs on comparatively clean muddy or 

 sandy ground from tide marks to a depth of a 

 few fathoms. 



4 1 A. Giant Goby. Gobius capita, Cuv. & Val. 

 This species is distinguished from Gobius 

 paganellus, which it most resembles, by the 

 following peculiarities : (i) The anterior 

 membrane of the united ventral fins forms a 

 pointed lobe on each side ; (2) the eyes are 

 smaller and the width between them greater. 

 The species is well known in the Mediter- 

 ranean and is common at Marseilles. In 

 1899 '* was discovered for the first time by 

 Mr. Boulenger on the west coast of France in 

 the Gulf of St. Malo. Couch stated that his 



