ANCIENT EARTHWORKS 



EGLOSHAYLE. ' Killibury ' or ' Kelly Rounds ' \W. of Worcester ; Hals ; Lysans, ccxlviii. ; 

 Drew, ii. 216 ; R.I.C. 3151 Rep. (1849), p. 25 and plan, and (1890), x. 231, and (1902), 

 xv. 112; Maclean, i. 114, 404 and plan, O.S. xxv. 4]. Mr. lago considers this a British 

 camp, against which the Roman camp at Tregilders (St. Kew) was thrown up 



EGLOSKERRY. 'Tregeare Beacon ' [R.I.C. (1902), xv. no, O.S. xii. 13] 



ILLOGAN. Carn Brea. The mason-built tower and ruins of this hill have probably no 

 relation to the entrenchments. There is a great number of hut-circles on this hill, most 

 of which are inside the lines of defence. Excavations in these were carried out in 

 1894 by Mr. T. C. Peter, who found large quantities of flint implements and other 

 neolithic remains [R.I.C. (1895), xiii. 92 and map ; Reliquary (new ser.), i. 190, and 

 (new ser.) ii. 45, 108]. But as similar hut-circles are to be seen on many of the hills, and 

 in some cases, as on the Caradons and Mulfra, where there are no entrenchments, it is 

 probable that there is no relation between the huts and the military works \}V. of 

 Worcester ; Borlase, 351 ; Drew, i. 2O2 and ii. 332 ; Daniel, 204 ; C.A.A. 29 ; R.I.C. 

 (1895), xiii. 92, O.S. Ixiii. 6] 



LELANT. On Trencrom Hill [Pol. 112 ; Gilbert; Drew, ii. 636 ; Daniel, 213 ; Edmonds, 

 38 ; P.N.H. & A.S. i. 342, and (1883), new ser. i. 198, and Trans. (1893-8), 109, 

 O.S. Ixviii. 8] 



LUDGVAN. ' Castle-an-Dinas.' The tower on this hill was built about 1798 [Borlase, 346 ; 

 Pal. 112; Gilbert; Daniel, 213; Drew, i. 426 and ii. 429, 636; Edmonds, 37; 

 Archieologia, xxii. ; Gent. Mag. xxii. ; P.N.H. & A.S. i. 342, and (1890), new ser. 

 iii. 208, and (1891), 308, O.S. Ixviii. 6] 



MADRON. 'Lesingey Round,' near Castle Horneck between Lesingey and Polgoon [Pohvbele, 

 112 ; Drew, ii. 437 ; Edmonds, 39; P.N.H.&d.S. i. 343, O.S. Ixxiv. i]. From the 

 situation, which is much like Restormel, traces of a mediaeval castle might be expected 

 here, but none are known 



MENHENIOT. Blackaton Rings [Lysons, ccxlviii. as in Morval ; Daniel, 106, O.S. xliv. 3] 



MICHAELSTOW. ' Helsbury Beacon.' There are remains of a small rectangular enclosure 

 inside the ramparts [W. of Worcester ; Gilbert; Drew, ii. 485 ; R.I.C. (1902), xv. 112 ; 

 Maclean, i. 114, and ii. 557 and plan ; McLauchlan suggests that this may be 'Dame- 

 Hock ' ; see Tregeare in St. Kew ; R.I.C. 32nd Rep. (1850), p. 37 and plan, O.S. xx. 2] 



MORVAH. 'Chyoone Castle' [Borlase, 346 and plan ; Pol. 1 1 2, and bk. ii. ch. iv. p. 134 ; 

 Gilbert; Drew, i. 426; Daniel, 214; C.A.A. 44-6; Arch. Camb. ; Edmonds, 35; 

 P.N.H. &f A.S. i. 341, ii. 84 ; i. new ser. (1884), 312, (1891), iii. 302, 308, 320, and 

 (1893-8), 85. Half in Madron and half in Morvah according to O.S. Ixvii. n]. 

 This differs from all the other castles in the character of the dry stone walling with 

 which the ramparts are faced. On the occasion of the visit of the Cambrian 

 Archaeological Association in 1862, Professor Babington said, 'It is a kind of building, 

 as far as I know, peculiar to Cornwall ; I am unable to name an instance else- 

 where.' Mr. Hussey Vivian (President C.A.A.) on the same occasion compared the 

 ground plan with Restormel, and suggested that the mediaeval castle might be an 

 imitation. The plan is figured in Dr. Borlase's work on the ' Antiquities of Cornwall.' 

 Round the inside of the main wall is a series of small enclosures now marked by dwarf 

 walls in ruins. In 1895 one of these was thoroughly searched by the members of the 

 Penzance Natural History and Antiquarian Society. They found in the middle of the 

 floor a large flat stone with a circular pit in the centre, evidently used for grinding, and 

 beside this stone a pit full of ashes of burnt furze. Scattered everywhere was a quantity 

 of small rounded beach pebbles, suited for use as slingstones 



PENZANCE. 'Castle Lescudjack.' This and Lesingey in Madron, though invisible to one 

 another, overlook the site of the present town of Penzance, the one on the west and the 

 other on the east side. They have only single entrenchments [Hals (sub Madron) ; 

 Polwhele, 1 12; Drew, ii. 437; Edmonds, 39; Lescudjack Hill of O.S. Ixxiv. 2, 

 Madron Parish] 



ST. COLUMB MAJOR. ' Castle-an-Dinas.' This from the size, character and position may 

 be considered the finest and most typical of the hill castles. W. of Worcester speaks of 

 one ' Tador ' Duke of Cornwall being killed here. The chroniclers mention a Theo- 

 doric, King of Cornwall about 460 A.D. (Borlase, 407) [W. of Worcester ; Leland ; 

 Carew, 85, 143 ; Hals ; Polwhele, IIO, and ch. xi. 210 ; Lysons, ccxlix. and plan ; 

 Drew, i. 429-33, ii. 166 ; Daniel, 182 ; R.I.C. 3131 Rep. (1849), P- 2 5 anc ^ P^ an 

 Maclean, i. 114, O.S. xxxiii. 13] 



461 



