A HISTORY OF BERKSHIRE 



bouring county of Hampshire, and is at one place 975 feet above the 

 sea level, the greatest altitude in the south-eastern part of England. The 

 boundary of the two counties runs through it from east to west, along an 

 ancient trackway which traverses the camp, and is said to have been 

 used * for centuries by drovers with their flocks travelling from the 

 west of England.' l 



* It is irregularly bell-shaped, and its dimensions are about 550 

 yards from north to south, and 783 yards between the gates. It has two 

 gateways which trend nearly east and west, and which open towards the 

 ridges of the neighbouring downs, evidently with the object of com- 

 manding the entire view of the surrounding country and every approach 

 to the hills.' 1 There are breaks in the northern rampart, which have 

 been thought to be minor gates. The gates are on the eastern and 

 western sides and here the ramparts are higher than elsewhere. On the 

 north side of the eastern gate the defences appear double, and at the 

 west gate the ramparts return so as to form a re-entering angle. 



There is a pond within the enclosure, and one without each gate 

 at a little distance by the side of the road. The camp commands most 

 of the approaches to the Downs from the south, while on the north an 

 uninterrupted view extends for many miles on three sides. 



In July 1871 Dr. Stevens 'found flint implements scattered over 

 the face of the soil for some distance round the flagstaff in this entrench- 

 ment. They consist of well-wrought scrapers, some cores, flakes, arrow- 

 tips and a neatly trimmed spear-head.' 1 



Gough alludes to this camp by the name of Wallborough or 6ury, and 

 says it is called by Aubrey Corn hill." 



LAMBOURN, MEMBURY FORT. The greater portion of this camp 

 lies in the parish of Ramsbury in Wiltshire, but the north-eastern corner 



is in Lambourn parish. It is situ- 

 ated on the high ground between 

 the valleys of the Kennet and the 

 Lambourn, about half a mile south- 

 west of the Ridge-way Road running 

 from Speen to Cirencester. 



It is defended by two well- 

 preserved valla, with a deep fosse 

 between them, but the whole camp 

 is so thickly covered with trees and 

 undergrowth that it is not easy to 

 obtain a good view of the entrench- 

 MEMBURY FORT, LAMBOURN. ments. There is an important gate 



on the north-east, the approach to 



which is defended by a rampart to the west. There is also an entrance 

 about 1 50 yards south of the latter, through which the parish and county 

 boundary passes. 



1 Stevens, Parochial History of St. Mary Bourne, 42-44. 



* Gough, Camden's Britannia, i. 206. Trans. Newbury Dist. Field Club, iii. 96. 



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