A HISTORY OF BERKSHIRE 



To the east of this is a space, now occupied by the buildings 

 surrounding the Upper Ward and the East Terrace garden, to the south 

 of which a part of the old Castle Ditch is still to be seen. Around 

 the eastern end there are signs where this earthwork continued, thus 

 enclosing the Bailey. 



The plan of the Castle in Ashmole's Order of the Garter (1672) 

 shows the ditch around the Lower Ward, and there remains evidence of 

 a ditch on the west side of the mount. 



HOMESTEAD MOATS 



Moats of different forms and dimensions are to be met with in all 

 parts of the county, though they are naturally more common in the 

 valleys, where the supply of water is more plentiful. They are very 

 frequently square or quadrangular in form, though cases are not 

 uncommon in which they assume a circular or even irregular shape. In 

 the majority of instances a manor house stands, or is known to have 

 stood, within the enclosure, but this is not always the case ; nor can it 

 be assumed that the moat was invariably made for the purpose of 

 defending the house. 



There is usually no sign of a vallum either inside the moat or on 

 the outside, though sometimes faint traces may be observed, due 

 probably to the mud thrown out at some time when the moat has been 

 cleaned. 



No attempt has been made here to classify them either by their 

 form or construction, still less to assign dates to them ; they are 

 enumerated according to the alphabetical order of the parishes in which 

 they are situated, and but little is mentioned respecting them but their 

 shape. 



APPLETON. The manor house of Appleton, which dates from the 

 twelfth century, was surrounded by a quadrangular moat, three sides of 

 which are still to be seen. 1 



The manor house of Tinteynes, in the same parish, was formerly 

 defended in a similar manner, but the moat was filled up some years 

 ago. 8 



ARBORFIELD. Two sides of a moat, which appears to have been 

 quadrangular, are still existing at Moor Copse, near Kenny's farm. 



ASHBURY. At the Chapel Manor house there are the remains of a 

 moat which formerly surrounded the house. The moat is to a great 

 extent natural, being formed by two deep converging gullies, the sides 

 of which have been straightened ; but an artificial moat which 

 connected them has been recently filled up. 



A small field at Chapel Wick, called ' Chapel Close,' is somewhat 

 raised above the level of the surrounding country, and is enclosed by a 

 deep moat. A chapel was built here about A.D. 1220, when the place 

 was known as Estwick. 



1 Lysons, Mag. Brit. i. 212. ' Ibid. i. 234. 



208 



