ANCIENT EARTHWORKS 



antiquaries of the early eighteenth century, 1 and apparently referred to 

 long before in Holinshed's Chronicles (1577),* no careful survey has 

 been published and no record of explorations exists. 



We need not enter into the views and opinions expressed by 

 Stukeley, Salmon and others as to its date and origin, but it is well to 

 note the fact that Roman coins have been recorded as found on the spot, 

 although this of course shows only that the place was occupied in the 

 time of the imperial domination of Britain. 



UPHALL ENTRENCHMENTS NEAR BARKING. These entrenchments 

 were described by Smart Lethieullier, about 1750,* as 'not regular but 



uphaii Enrrtnchmtnrt 

 near Barking 



ESSEX 



From plan by Mr. Walter Crouch, F.Z.S. 



tending to a square ; the circumference is 1792 yards . . . enclosing 

 an area of forty-eight acres, one rood, and thirty-four perches. On the 

 north, east and south sides it is single-trenched ; on the north and east 

 sides the ground is dry and level (being arable land), and the trench from 

 frequent ploughing almost filled up ; on the south side is a deep morass ; 

 on the west side, which runs parallel with the river Roding, and at a 

 short distance from it, is a double trench and bank ; at the north-west 

 corner was an outlet to a very fine spring of water, which was guarded 

 by an inner work and a high keep or mound of earth.' By far the best 



1 See reference to Dr. Stukeley's and Roger Gale's opinions in Cough's Additions to Cam Jen. 

 ' The reference in Holinshed is to ' Starbirie hils." Ring Hill was locally known as Starberry 

 Hill long after Holinshed's time. 8 Lyson's Envinmt of London (1796), vol. iv. 



I 28l 36 



