THE HOLDERS OF LANDS 



1 6 ; then 4 serfs, (and) now 8 ; then 12 

 ploughs, (and) now 7 ; pasture for 300 sheep ; 

 it was then worth 12 pounds ; now 8. On 

 the demesne of this manor are 1 1 beasts 

 (animalia), and 696 sheep, and 2O swine. 

 King Canute (Gnut) took away this land, but 



fo. iob 



Bishop William recovered it in King William's 

 time. 



COPEFORDA [Copford *] is held by the 

 bishop in demesne as i^ hides and 18 acres. 

 Then 16 bordars ; now 14. Then 5 serfs; 

 now 3. Then as now (semper) 2 ploughs on 

 the demesne. Then the men had 7 ploughs ; 

 now 5. Wood(land) for 100 swine, and 16 

 acres of meadow. And (there are) 6 beasts 

 (animalia), and 12 swine and 37 sheep. Then 

 as now (semper) it was worth 8 pounds. To 

 this manor there belonged, in King Edward's 

 time, 12 sokemen (there are) now 10 

 holding I hide and 2-J acres ; and they could 

 not withdraw themselves (recedere) * as the 

 Hundret (court) testifies ; (there were) then 

 between them 2 ploughs ; now i ; the value 

 (of them) is (included) in the above valuation 

 (pretio). Of this land 3 (terra) Roger holds of 

 the bishop 25 acres, and (there is there) half a 

 plough, and it is worth 15 shillings. In this 

 manor 17 acres, which were held by the 

 bishop in King Edward's time, are now held 

 by Robert Gernon of the king's gift. Robert 

 also holds 1 virgate of land which was held by 

 the bishop ; and a certain free man so held it 

 that he could betake himself (irt) whither he 

 would, 4 but the soke remained in the manor. 



HUNDRET OF CEFFEORDA [CHAFFORD] 



WARELEIA [(Little) Warley] was held by 

 Guert as a manor and as 4 hides less 1 5 acres. 

 Now Humfrey (holds it) of the bishop. Then 

 as now (semper) 5 villeins and 2 bordars. 

 Now 2 serfs. Then 3 ploughs on the 

 demesne ; now 2. Then as now (semper) 

 the men had 3 ploughs. Wood(land) for 700 

 swine. Pasture for 100 sheep. Then and 

 afterwards it was worth 6 pounds ; now 7. 

 Of this manor Tascelin the priest holds 15 

 acres. 6 This manor was given to Bishop 

 William by King William after he had 

 crossed the sea, because it belonged of old to 



1 In Lexden Hundred. 



* i.e. betake themselves to another lord. 



3 i.e. of this manor, as in the next clause. The 

 whole entry affords additional illustration of the 

 convertible use of ' terra ' and ' manerium ' in 

 Domesday. 



4 i.e. to another lord. 



5 Compare p. 43 1 above under ' Becangra.' 



(in antiquo tempore fuit de) the church of St. 

 Paul. 



CELMERESFORT [Chelmsford] 6 was held by 

 Bishop William in King Edward's time. Now 

 the bishop holds it in demesne 7 as a manor 

 and (as) 8 hides. Then 5 villeins ; now 4. 

 Then 2 ploughs on the demesne ; now 3. 

 Then the men had 5 ploughs between them ; 

 now i . Wood(land) for 300 swine, (and) 30 

 acres of meadow. Then as now (semper) i 

 mill. And (there are) 2 beasts (animalia) and 

 27 swine, and 100 sheep. And it is worth 8 

 pounds. 



HUNDRET OF TURESTAPLA [THURSTABLE] 



WICHAM [Wickham (Bishops)], which 

 Bishop William held in King Edward's time, 

 is held by the bishop in demesne as a manor 

 and as 3 hides. Then 7 villeins ; now 5. 

 Then i bordar ; now 4. Then as now 

 (semper) 4 serfs and 2 ploughs on the demesne. 

 Then the men had 4 ploughs ; now 2^. 

 Wood(land) for 30 swine, (and) 31 acres of 

 meadow. Then as now (semper) I mill. 

 And (there are) 6 beasts (animalia'), 50 sheep, 

 IO swine, (and) 20 goats. And it is worth 6 

 pounds. In it is I free man with (de) 5 acres, 



fo. II 



and (he) is worth 1 2 pence. 



HUNDRET OF TENDERINGA [TENDRING] 



CICE [Chich 8 ] is held by the bishop in 

 demesne as a manor and (as) 7 hides. And in 

 King Edward's time (there were) 1 8 villeins ; 

 now 9. Then as now (semper) 5 bordars. 

 Then 3 ploughs on the demesne ; now 2. 

 Then the men had between them 9 ploughs ; 

 now 5. There are 4 acres of meadow, (and) 

 pasture for 200 sheep. And (there are) 6 

 beasts (animalia), 150 sheep, and 16 (sic),* 

 and 30 swine. It was then worth 1 8 pounds ; 

 now 12. 



CLACHINTUNA [Clacton] was always the 

 see's (in episcopatu) as a manor and (as) 20 

 hides. Then 50 villeins ; now 45. Then 

 2O bordars; now 50. Then 13 serfs; now 

 7. Then 4 ploughs on the demesne ; now 

 3. Then the men had 50 ploughs between 

 them ; now 2O. Wood(land) for 400 

 swine, (and) 20 acres of meadow. Then as 

 now (semper) I fishery ; now I mill. (There 



6 In Chelmsford Hundred. 



7 This manor thus came to be known as Bishop's 

 Hall. 



8 Now St. Osyths. 



9 Possibly for ' and 1 6 (sheep over).' 



439 



