A HISTORY OF ESSEX 



ploughs on the demesne; now I. Then as 

 now (semper) I plough belonging to the men. 

 (There is) pasture for 20 sheep. (There are) 

 I rouncey (runcinus), 4 beasts (anima/ia), (and) 

 too sheep. It was then worth 4 pounds ; 

 now 6. This land was given to the church 

 by I thegn when he went with Harold to 

 York to the battle (ad helium in Eurewic). 



to. ijb 



VII. THE LANDS OF THE BISHOP 

 OF DURHAM IN ESSEX (EXSESSA) 



HALF HUNDRET OF WALTHAM 



WALHAM [Waltham (Abbey)] was held by 

 Harold in King Edward's time as i manor 

 and (as) 40 hides. Then as now (semper) 80 

 villeins and 24 bordars. Then 6 serfs ; now 

 7. Then 7 ploughs on the demesne ; now 6. 

 Then as now (semper) 37 ploughs belonging to 

 the men. Wood(land) for 2,200 swine, (and) 

 80 acres of meadow. There are 2 rounceys 

 (runcini), 20 beasts (ammalia\ 80 sheep, 12 

 goats, (and) 40 swine. There is pasture there 

 which is worth 18 shillings. Then I mill; 

 now 3. (There are) 5 fisheries (piscina). 

 And (there were) then 20 rent-paying tenants 

 (censarii) ; now 36. And I plough more 

 could be employed on the manor. 1 To this 

 manor belong (adjacent) 2 sokemen, who held 

 (tenentes) 6 hides in King Edward's time, (and) 

 now 5 ; half of the sixth hide is held by (the 

 abbey of) the Holy Cross, and the other half 

 (partem) was taken by William de War[enne]. 

 And (there belong) 4 sokemen with (de) 2 

 hides and half a virgate ; and there also be- 

 longed to this manor I hide less 15 acres 

 which was taken by the same William. 8 And 

 Ranulf brother of Ilger has taken 30 acres of 

 land and 4 of meadow. 8 All those sokemen 

 who are there now have between them 7 

 hides and 1 5 acres ; * and they used to have 

 on their demesne in King Edward's time 4 

 ploughs ; now 4^ ; and (there was) then as 

 now (semper) I villein ; then 6 bordars, and 



1 ' i car[uca] potest in manerio restaurari.' 

 That is to say, the ' stock ' used to include one 

 more plough(team), which might be replaced. 



8 The lands thus seized do not appear under 

 William's fief. 



8 This is entered, under RanulPs fief, as ' I 

 virgate of land,' which the Hundred charged 

 him with having taken from Waltham and added 

 to his manors of Nazing and Epping. 



4 This is the sum of the 5 hides entered as held 

 by 2 sokemen and the z hides and half a virgate 

 entered as held by 4 sokemen. Thus here, as in 

 the preceding note, the ' virgate ' is treated as the 

 equivalent of ' 30 acres,' the appurtenant meadow 

 in both cases being reckoned separately. 



(now) 8 ; then 2 serfs, and now none ; 

 wood(land) for 182 swine; 16^ acres of 

 meadow, and 4 acres of pasture. From all 

 this Harold used to have in King Edward's 

 time 36 pounds ; and the bishop's men ap- 

 praise it at 63 pounds and 5 shillings and 4 

 pence. But now, as (the) other men of the 

 Hundret testify, it is worth 100 pounds. 

 And in London (Londonite) there belong to 

 the manor 12 houses which render 20 shil- 

 lings, and one gate which the king gave to 

 the predecessor of the bishop and which also 

 renders 20 shillings. 



VIII. THE LANDS OF THE CANONS 



OF THE HOLY CROSS OF 



WALTHAM 



HUNDRET OF WALTHAM 



EPINGA [Epping] is held by the Holy Cross 

 as a manor and (as) 2 hides and 1 5 acres. 

 Then as now (semper) i-J ploughs on the 

 demesne, and 2 bordars, and 2 serfs. Wood- 

 (land) for 50 swine, (and) 3 acres of meadow. 

 (There are) 10 beasts (animalia), I rouncey 



fo. 16 



(runcinus), 20 swine, 20 sheep, (and) 8 goats. 

 And it is worth 15 shillings. 



NASINGA [Nazing] is held now as then 

 (semper) by the Holy Cross as 5 hides. Then 

 I plough on the demesne ; now i^. Then 

 I plough belonging to the men ; now i. 

 Then as now (semper) 5 villeins. Now 2 

 bordars. Then 2 serfs ; now none. Wood- 

 (land) for 50 swine, (and) 13 acres of meadow. 

 (There is) a moiety of a fishery. (There are) 

 I rouncey (runcinus), 4 beasts (animalia), 10 

 swine, (and) 1 5 sheep. It was then worth 40 

 shillings ; now 60. 



HUNDRET OF BEVENTREU [BECONTREE] 



WDEFORT [Woodford] is held now as then 

 (semper) by the Holy Cross in King Edward's 

 time (sic) as 5 hides. Then as now (semper) 2 

 ploughs on the demesne. Then 1 3 ploughs 

 belonging to the men ; now 7. Then as 

 now (semper) 1 3 villeins. Then 4 bordars ; 

 now 7. Then 4 serfs ; now none. Wood- 

 (land) for 500 swine, and 26 acres of meadow. 

 Then i mill ; now none. Then i beast 

 (animal) ; now 6. (There are) 10O sheep, 50 

 swine, (and) 40 goats. Then as now (semper) 

 it was worth 100 shillings. 



LOCHINTUNA [Loughton] is held now as 

 then (semper) by the Holy Cross as a manor 

 and (as) 4 hides and 20 acres. Then 2 



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