A HISTORY OF ESSEX 



by Alward, a free man, as i hide and 40 

 acres, is held of the bishop by Hugh. Then 

 as now (semper) 2 bordars. Then 2 ploughs ; 

 now i. Wood(land) for 10 swine, 8 acres 

 of meadow, (and) pasture for 50 sheep. It 

 was then worth 30 shillings ; now 40. 

 (There were) then i rouncey (rundnus), (and) 

 I beast (animal) ; now 2 (beasts). Then 25 

 swine ; now 9. Then 50 sheep ; now 48. 



TUROCHA [Thurrock 1 ], which Mannic, 

 a free man, held in King Edward's time, 

 as 2^ hides and 40 acres, is held of the bishop 

 by Anschetil. 2 (There are) now 2 villeins. 

 Then 3 bordars ; now 8. Then 6 serfs ; 

 now none. Then as now (semper) I plough 

 on the demesne, and i plough belonging to 

 the men. (There are) 8 acres of meadow. 

 It was then worth 3 pounds ; now 4. 



RENEHAM [Rainham 3 ], which was held in 

 King Edward's time, by Alsi, a free man, as 

 a manor and as 4 hides, is held of the bishop 

 by Hugh. Then as now (semper) 8 villeins. 

 Then 3 bordars; now 5. Then 4 serfs; 

 now none. Then 3 ploughs on the demesne, 

 and when (the manor was) received * 2 ; now 

 none. Then and afterwards 4 3 ploughs be- 

 longing to the men ; now 2. Then and 

 afterwards it was worth 6 pounds ; now 40 

 shillings. 



In TUROC [Thurrock *] half a hide, which 

 Ulwin held, is now held of the bishop by 

 Hugh. Then I plough ; now none. Wood 

 (land) for 5 swine, 8 acres of meadow, (and) 

 pasture for 50 sheep. It is worth 20 shillings. 



ESTINFORT [Stifford] was held by Alvric, a 

 free man, as i hide and 30 acres. Now the 

 same Hugh holds it of the bishop. Then as 

 now (semper) I bordar, i plough, (and) 5 acres 

 of meadow. It is worth 30 shillings. Of this 

 estate (terra) 15 acres are in the soke of 

 William Peverel (piperelli) of Turoc [Thur- 

 rock] 6 as the county (court) testifies. To the 

 church of this manor (sic) there belong 30 

 acres given by (the) neighbours in almoine. 



1 See p. 457, note 7, above. 



2 See p. 553, note 5, below. 



3 i.e. the manor of Southall there. 



4 This is a good instance of the indifferent use 

 of 'when received' and 'afterwards' to denote the 

 intermediate stage. 



6 The jurisdiction over them belong to his 

 manor of (Grays) Thurrock (on which see p. 553 

 below). This passage is of value for the distinc- 

 tion it draws between the tenure of the land and 

 the jurisdiction over it. 



CRAOHU [ 6 ], which was held by 

 Alwin, a free man, as a manor and as i 

 hides, is held of the bishop by Hugh. Then 

 as now (semper) I villein and I bordar. Then 

 I plough ; now half (a one). Wood(land) for 

 100 swine, (and) i^ acres of meadow. Then 

 and afterwards it was worth 50 shillings ; now 

 20. 



In ESTINFORT [Stifford] Gilbert, a man of 

 the Bishop of Bayeux, held i hides, which are 



fo. as 



(now) held of the bishop by (Ralf) the son of 

 Turold. Then as now (semper) 3 villeins, and 

 4 borders, and 2 ploughs on the demesne. It 

 is worth 30 shillings. The Hundret (court) 

 testifies that this hide (sic) in King Edward's 

 time belonged to (jacuit in) Turroc [(Grays) 

 Thurrock], a manor of William Peverel 

 (pipere/H), save IO acres. 7 



LIMPWELLA [ ] which was held 



by Edric, a free man, as i manor and (as) 

 half a hide, is held of the bishop 8 by Hugh. 

 Then i bordar ; now 2. Then i plough ; 

 now half (a one). Wood(land) for 20 swine, 

 (and) pasture for 20 sheep. It was then worth 

 IO shillings; now 2O. 



HUNDRET OF CELMERESFORT [CHELMSFORD] 



HANEGHEFELDA [(South) Hanningfield] was 

 held by Friebert in King Edward's time as i 

 manor and as 9 hides. It is now held of the 

 bishop by Ralf the son of Turold. 9 Then as 

 now (semper) 3 villeins. Then 2 bordars ; 

 now 5. Then 4 serfs ; now 8. Then 2 

 ploughs on the demesne ; now 3. Then as 

 now (semper) 2 ploughs belonging to the men. 

 (There is) wood(land) for 60 swine. (There 

 are) 3 rounceys (runcini), 1 6 beasts (animalia), 

 32 swine. Then 117 sheep ; now 810 (sic). 

 It was then worth IOO shillings ; now 7 

 pounds. 



In the same (vill) 14 hides were held by 

 23 free men, who could withdraw themselves 



6 This place has not been identified, but, al- 

 though the name is now lost, I suspect that it is 

 the 'Crawenho' which occurs in a plea of 1234 

 (Bracton's Note Book, ii. 531). Its tenant is there 

 charged by John de Beauchamp, its owner, with 

 cutting down oaks on it and giving twenty of them 

 to the parson of Aveley. As twenty oaks are not 

 likely to have been sent far, the place was prob- 

 ably near Aveley. 



7 See the relative entry, under William Peverel's 

 fief, on p. 553 below. 



8 The scribe had written ' comite,' but has de- 

 leted it and substituted ' episcopo.' 



9 See p. 342 above. 



458 



