A HISTORY OF ESSEX 



was held by Ulmar, a free man, as a manor 

 and as i hide and 40 acres. Now R[alf the 

 son of Turold holds it] of the bishop. Then 



1 bordar. Then as now (semper) 2 serfs and I 

 plough. 1 Wood(land) for 40 swine, (and) 10 

 acres of meadow. It is worth 20 shillings. 



HUNDRET OF TENDRINGE 



TORINDUNA [Thorrington] was held by 

 Adstan as I (uno) manor and as 4 hides. 

 Now Ralf (the son of Turold holds it) of 

 the bishop similarly (pro tantundem). And 

 (it was) Turold of Ri'vecestra [Rochester] 8 

 who seized (invasit) this land. Then as now 

 (semper) 3 villeins, 9 bordars, and 5 serfs. 

 Then 2 ploughs on the demesne ; now i ; 

 but a third (plough) could be employed (potest 

 esse). Then the men had between them (in- 

 ter homines] 2^ ploughs; now i. Wood- 

 (land) for 100 swine, (and) I acre of meadow, 

 pasture for 100 sheep. (There are) now I 

 mill, (and) I saltpan. Then as now (semper) 

 it was worth 4 pounds. 



A certain man held in EILESFORDA [Aires- 

 ford] half a hide, which Turold seized (invasit) 

 like (sicut) the other land ; and when he re- 

 ceived it (recepit), there was half a plough ; 

 now (there is) none ; but there could be. 

 And the Hundret (court) knows not how 

 he had (///) this land ; and, as neither a 

 representative (Legates 3 ) nor any other man 

 came on his behalf to prove his right to this 

 land, it is (taken) in(to) the king's hand with 

 the rest. Then and afterwards it was worth 

 10 shillings; now 5 (shillings) and 4 pence. 



HUNDRET OF TURESTAPLA [THURSTABLE] 



TOLESHUNTA [Tolleshunt 4 ] was held by 

 Oslac, a free man, as i hide. Now the 

 bishop holds it similarly (pro tantundem). Then 



fo. 96 



2 bordars ; now 3 ; now I serf. Then I 

 plough ; now a half. Wood(land) for 30 

 swine, and pasture for 60 sheep. It was 

 then worth 20 shillings ; afterwards and now 

 3. 



1 The words ' on the demesne ' are probably 

 omitted here. 



* Father of Ralf the tenant. 



3 This use of ' Legatus ' for the representative 

 of any one but the king is remarkable. The 

 entry possibly refers to a half hide spoken of under 

 the king's manor of Lawford (see p. 435, note 7, 

 above and Introduction, p. 412). 



* This manor has not been identified. 



XIX. THE LAND OF THE BISHOP 

 OF HEREFORD 



In WRITA [Writtle] the bishop holds 2 

 hides and 20 acres, of which (hides) one was 

 the church's (in ecclesia) in King Edward's 

 time, and the other (in) Harold's fee (feudo). 

 Then as now (semper) 3 villeins and i priest. 

 Then 2 bordars ; now 8. Then 2 serfs ; 

 now none. Then as now (semper) i plough 

 on the demesne and 2 ploughs belonging to 

 the men. Wood (land) for 100 swine, and 8 

 acres of meadow. It is worth 50 shillings. 8 



XX. THE LANDS OF COUNT 

 EUSTACE 6 IN ESSEX (EXSESSA) 



HUNDRET OF BERDESTAPLA [BARSTABLE] 



PHOBINGE [Fobbing] was held by Brictmar, 

 a thegn of King Edward, as 5 hides and as 

 I (uno) manor. Now Count Eustace holds 

 it in demesne. Then as now (semper) 4 

 ploughs on the demesne, and 5 ploughs be- 

 longing to the men. Then 8 villeins ; now 

 3. Then 8 bordars; now 22. Then 12 

 serfs ; now 6. Wood(land) for 700 swine, 

 pasture for 700 sheep, (and) a moiety of a 

 fishery (piscinte). (There are) 31 swine, 700 

 sheep, and 1 7 (goats ?). From this land 30 

 acres were taken by Turold and are (now 

 appurtenant) to the Bishop of Bayeux' fief. 7 

 Ingelric, 8 besides this, added to this manor 

 22 free men holding 15^ hides and 15^ acres, 

 in whose (qua) land there were and are (sem- 

 per) 12 ploughs, and 20 bordars, and 3 serfs ; 

 wood(land there) for 50 swine, 10 acres of 

 meadow, (and) pasture for 400 sheep ; (there 

 is) a third of a fishery (piscina:)^ and there 

 could be added 3^ ploughs. The manor was 

 then worth 20 pounds, and the land of the 

 sokemen 9 1 2 pounds ; now the whole to- 

 gether (inter totum) 36 pounds. 



HORNINDUNA [Horndon (on the hill)], which 

 was held by Ulvric, a free man, as i (uno) 

 manor and as 2 hides and 50 acres, is held of 



6 This is a duplicate entry (see p. 434 above). 

 It is noteworthy that ' the king's fee ' of the other 

 entry becomes here ' Harold's fee ' (compare p. 

 336 above). 



6 Of Boulogne. 



7 See under Vange (p. 454 above). 



8 The count's predecessor. 



9 It is important to observe that these socemannl 

 are the Rberi homines spoken of just before. Here 

 then the two terms are distinctly equated (see In- 

 troduction, p. 358). 



460 



