THE HOLDERS OF LANDS 



meadow. There are I rouncey (runcinus), 

 40 swine, I 50 sheep, 24 goats, and 4 hives 

 of bees. Then as now (semper] it was worth 



1 5 pounds. To this manor belong 2 soke- 

 men with (de) 8 acres, and I sokeman with 

 (de) 8 acres whom (quern) Ingelric annexed 

 (occupavit) in King William's time ; on (in) 

 those 8 acres are 4 bordars, and (this) is worth 



1 6 pence. To this manor there used to 

 belong (attinebat), in King Edward's time, I 

 sokeman with (de) 3 virgates, who is now 

 held by William Cardun (as belonging) to 

 the fief (feudum) of G[eoffrey] de ' Magna 

 Villa,' 1 and (who) used to pay 2 pence a year. 



CISHELLA [(Little) Chishall], which was 

 held by Sired, a free man, in King Edward's 

 time, as a manor and as 6 hides and 30 acres, 

 is held of the count by Guy.* Then 5 vil- 

 leins ; now 6. Then 3 bordars ; now 5. 

 Now as then (semper) 6 serfs and 3 ploughs on 

 the demesne, and 5 ploughs belonging to the 

 men, and 8 acres of meadow. (There are) 

 24 swine, (and) 250 sheep. Then and after- 

 wards it was worth 100 shillings ; and now 6 

 pounds. 



CISHELLA [(Little) Chishall] was held by 

 Godric, a free man, in King Edward's time. 

 Now the same Guy holds it of the count 

 as I manor and as 2$ hides. It is worth 

 60 shillings. 



There also (In eadem) I free man held half 

 a hide which Ingelric seized (occupavit) in 

 King William's time ; and now Anselm 

 (Enseimus) holds it of the count. In that 

 land are and were (sunt semper) 2 bordars and 

 i plough and 2 acres of meadow. It is worth 

 10 shillings. 



ELM[ER]DUNA [Elmdon], which was held 

 by Almar, a free man, in King Edward's 

 time, is held of the count by Roger de 

 Sumeri. And Ingelric seized (occupavit) this 

 manor in King William's time. Now as 

 then (semper) there are 14 hides, 3 and 26 

 villeins and 1 5 bordars. Then 1 2 serfs ; now 

 none. Then 6 ploughs on the demesne ; and 

 3 when (the manor was) received ; now 4. 

 Then as now (semper) 10 ploughs belonging 

 to the men. (There is) wood(land) for 250 

 swine, (and) 7 acres of meadow. (There 

 are) 2O swine, (and) 288 sheep.* It was then 



1 He held of Geoffrey the adjoining manor of 

 Great Chishall. 



* This was Guy ' the Angevin,' who was the 

 under-tenant of the count on his Norfolk manors. 



3 This formula is, in Essex, quite abnormal. 



4 << cc ov ' et Ixxxviii ov*." The use of this 



worth 1 6 pounds, and (the same) when re- 

 ceived ; now 2O pounds. 



LEA [Leebury 5 ], which was held by Bric- 

 tulf, a free man, in King Edward's time, as a 

 manor and as 2^ hides, was afterwards held 



to. 34 



by Ingelric. Now the same Roger (holds it) 

 of the count. Then as now (semper) 5 vil- 

 leins. Then I bordar; afterwards and now 

 8. Then 4 serfs ; now none. Then 3 

 ploughs on the demesne ; afterwards and now 



2. Then 4 ploughs belonging to the men ; 

 and 3 when (the manor was) received ; and 

 now the same (similiter). Wood(land) for 50 

 swine. Then and afterwards it was worth 4 

 pounds; now I OO shillings. 



CRAWELSA [Crawleybury '], which was 

 held, in King Edward's time, by Lefsi, a 

 free man, as 30 acres, and was seized by 

 Ingelric afterwards, is held of the count by 

 the same Roger. Then as now (semper) 2 

 bordars. Then I serf. Then as now (sem- 

 per) i plough. (There are) 2 acres of meadow. 

 It is worth 10 shillings. 



HALF HUNDRET OF FROSSEWELLA* [FRESH- 

 WELL] 



BENEDISC [Bendish (Hall) 8 ] was held, in 

 King Edward's time, by Ledmar the priest 9 

 as a manor and as 4^ hides. Ingelric held 

 (it) afterwards. Now the count (holds it) in 

 demesne. Then as now (semper) 8 villeins, 

 and 3 bordars, and 8 serfs, and 4 ploughs on 

 the demesne. Then 4 ploughs belonging to 

 the men (inter homines) ; afterwards and now 



3. (There is) wood(land) for 100 swine and 

 8 acres of meadow. (There are) 28 swine, 

 (and) 1 1 2 sheep. And I sokeman held I acre 

 and I rood (pertic[atam ; Ingelric annexed 

 (invasit) him, and now the count holds (him). 

 The whole was then worth 1 1 pounds ; now 

 12. 



NEWHAM [Newenham lo ] was held, in King 

 Edward's time, by Alsi as I hide ; Ingelric 

 held (it) afterwards. Now the count holds 

 (it) in demesne. Then 6 villeins ; now 9. 

 Then 2 bordars ; afterwards and now 7. 

 Then as now (semper) 6 serfs and 3 ploughs 



cumbrous phrase may be due to the fact that 

 cc' meant 240, being reckoned by 'the long 

 hundred.' 



5 In Elmdon. 



In Chreshall. 



1 ' Hund" de Frossewella dimidium ' (tit). 



8 In Radwinter. See p. 348 above. 



10 A manor in Ashdon. 



471 



