A HISTORY OF ESSEX 



bordars. Then 2 serfs ; now 3. Then as 

 now (semper) 2 ploughs on the demesne. Then 

 6 ploughs belonging to the men ; now 5. 

 There are 4 acres of meadow, (with) wood- 

 (land) for 10 swine. Then 2 rounceys (run- 

 cini) ; now 6. Then 5 beasts (animalia) ; 

 nowi6. Then 102 sheep; now 1 06. Then 

 as now (semper) 20 swine. Now 2 hives of 

 bees. It was then worth 6 pounds ; now 7.* 



HUNDRET OF UDELESFORDA [UTTLESFORD] 



ARCHESDANA [Arkesden], which was held 

 by Alvric Wants 8 as a manor and as 2 hides 

 less 15 acres, is held by E[udo] in demesne. 

 Then as now (semper) 2 villeins, and 7 bor- 

 dars, and 2 serfs. Then and afterwards 2 

 ploughs on the demesne ; now i. Then as 

 now (semper) 2 ploughs belonging to the men. 

 (There is) wood(land) for 20 swine, (and) 10 

 acres of meadow. It is worth 100 shillings. 



fo.5 



XXVI. THE LAND OF 

 ROGER DE OTBURVILLA 



HUNDRET OF HERLAUA [HARLOW] 



HALINGEBERIA [(Great) Hallingbury] was 

 held, in King Edward's time, by 2 free men as 

 a manor and as 3 hides and 38 acres. Then 

 6 ploughs on the demesne ; now 3. Then 

 io ploughs belonging to the men ; now 2\. 

 Then 18 villeins ; now 8. Then 4 bordars ; 

 now 5. Then i serf ; now none. (There 

 is) wood(land) for 600 swine, 25 acres of 

 meadow, pasture worth 28 pence, (and) i 

 mill. And 9 ploughs could be added to the 

 stock (restaurari). 3 And one of these manors 

 used to be worth, 4 in King Edward's time, 

 8 pounds ; and when received (it was worth) 

 100 shillings ; now 4 pounds. And the other 

 was then worth 60 shillings ; now 4O. 5 Roger 

 took over (recepit) on the demesne i rouncey 

 (runcinum\ and 3 beasts (animalia), and 30 

 sheep, and 40 swine ; now (there are) I 

 rouncey and 8 beasts, and 80 swine, and 

 1 2O sheep, and 3 hives of bees. 6 



1 This is the duplicate entry discussed in the 

 Introduction (p. 411). 



* This is the Alvric 'Wand' who held of 

 Eudo at Radwinter (see Introduction, p. 355). 



8 Yet there had been a decrease of 1 1 ploughs 

 since the time of the Confessor, so that (if the 

 figures are correct) either the estate had then too 

 many, or the arable land had decreased. 



4 ' unum manerium ex istis valebat.' 



6 This passage is of some importance for the use 

 of the word ' manerium.' 



6 This was clearly the principal manor in the 

 Hallingburys, and must have been lost by Roger 

 de Otburvilla, and granted to Eudo Dapifer after 



HUNDRET OF DOMMAUA [DUNMOW] 



RODINGES [ ] was held, in King 



Edward's time, by Turchil, a free man, as a 

 manor and as 2 hides. Then [ ploughs ] 

 on the demesne ; now i-J-. Then 3 villeins ; 

 now i priest and 2 villeins. Then 2 bordars ; 

 now 5. Then 4 serfs ; now 3, who have i 

 plough. 8 (There is) wood(land) for 30 swine, 

 (and) 24 acres of meadow. It was then 

 worth 6 pounds ; afterwards and now 100 

 shillings. And when (Roger) received (it), he 

 found there only the land (itself 9 ) and I 

 plough. 



HUNDRET OF UDELESFORT [UTTLESFORD] 



ARCHESDANA [Arkesden] was held by 

 Lewin freely (libere) as a manor and as i 

 hide ; and Roger (holds it) by exchange (in 

 suo escangio). Then 2 villeins ; afterwards 

 and now I. Then as now (semper) 3 bor- 

 dars. Then I plough on the demesne ; 

 when he received (the manor), none ; now 

 I. Then and afterwards i plough belonging 

 to the men ; now none. There are 7 acres 

 of meadow, (with) wood(land) for 10 swine. 

 Then i beast (animal) and 19 sheep ; now i 

 colt (pullus), 14 swine, (and) 90 sheep. It 

 was then worth 40 shillings ; now 50. 



In the same vill Ulfo held i hide freely 

 (liberee) in King Edward's time ; and Roger 

 (holds it) by exchange (pro escangio). Then 2 

 villeins ; afterwards and now I. ' Then as 

 now (semper) 3 bordars. Then I plough on 

 the demesne ; and when he received (the 

 manor), none ; now i. Then and afterwards 

 i plough belonging to the men ; now none. 

 (There are) 7 acres of meadow, (with) wood- 

 (land) for 10 swine. It was then worth 40 

 shillings ; now 5O. 10 



fo. 52b 



CISHELLA [Chishall n ] was held by Edric as 



Domesday ; for it passed to St. John's Abbey under 

 Eudo's grant. The descent of Roger's other 

 manors, and therefore their exact identity, appears 

 to be obscure. 



* This is omitted in the MS. 



8 'habentes I carrucam.' This appears to 

 refer to the serfs, but must be intended to refer 

 to the villeins and bordars. The 3 serfs, it is 

 interesting to note, would be exactly the right 

 proportion for the l\ ploughs on the demesne 

 in 1086. 



9 ' solam terram,' an exceptional phrase. 



10 The close correspondence between the figures 

 for these two holdings at Arkesden should be 

 observed. It suggests recent and equal division. 



11 This is identified by Morant with the manor 

 of Over Chishall in Great Chishall ; but it was 

 not improbably the manor of ' Lisles ' there, which 



496 



