A HISTORY OF ESSEX 



of meadow, and pasture for 60 sheep. Then 

 half a saltpan ; now one and a half. It was 

 then worth 30 shillings ; and when received, 

 10 shillings ; it is now worth 2O shillings. 

 And 9 free men dwelt on (manserunt in) half 

 a hide ; and one man, a thegn (unus homo 

 tegnus) held 30 acres ; and 2 other free men 

 held I O acres ; (in all this ' there was) then 

 I plough ; now half (a plough) ; (all this was) 

 then worth 26 shillings and 8 pence ; now 8 

 shillings. A certain knight of Hugh de 

 Montfort, by name Hugh son of Mauger 8 

 took (accepif) 1 5 acres from a free thegn 3 and 

 put them (misit) with his own land ; and no 

 one gave him livery, according to the Hun- 

 dret (court), 4 and so (the land) is in the King's 

 hand. 6 



TOLESHUNTA [Tolleshunt (Darcy ?)], which 

 was held, in King Edward's time, by Ulsi as 

 a manor and as half a hide and 30 acres, is 

 held of Hugh by Humfrey. 6 Then as now 

 (semper) 2 bordars and I plough. (There is) 

 wood(land) for 30 swine and 2^ acres of 

 meadow. It is worth 20 shillings. 



XXVIII. THE LAND OF HAMO 

 DAPIFER. 7 



HUNDRET OF BERDESTAPLA [BAR*TABLE] 



ATELEIA [ ], which was held by 



Goti 8 of Harold, in King Edward's time, as a 

 manor and as i hide, is held of Hamo by 



1 All these holdings had evidently been annexed 

 to the manor, but are valued apart from it as a 

 whole. The entire passage is of interest for tenure 

 and status. 



* This was the actual tenant of the manor, so 

 that the phrase is an odd one here. It may have 

 been inserted in another place on the original re- 

 turns and added in Domesday Book to the Gold- 

 hanger entry by the scribe. 



3 ' Uno franco teigno.' A singular phrase, 

 important for its use of ' francus ' in the sense of 

 'free,' not 'French.' 



4 ' Non habuit liberatorem, sicut hundret tes- 

 tatur.' 



5 This phrase also is suggestive of the passage 

 having been inserted elsewhere on the original 

 return (compare p. 566 below). 



6 This may well have been the same Humfrey 

 as the one who held at Tolleshunt Darcy under 

 Ranulf Peverel. 



7 Brother of Robert Fitz Hamon, whose 

 daughter and heiress brought this fief to her hus- 

 band the first Earl of Gloucester. 



8 This name, which appears below as ' Gotild,' 

 was that of a woman, although she is styled ' a free 

 man,' under Little Wigborough (see also p. 503, 

 note 2, below. 



Serlo. 9 Then as now (semper) i plough, and 

 i bordar, and i serf. It is worth 20 shillings. 



HUNDRET OF WITH AM 



FALCHEBURNA [Faulkbourne], which was 

 held by Turbern, 10 in King Edward's time, as 

 a manor and as i^ hides and 1\ acres, is held 

 of Hamo by Half. 9 Then as now (semper) 2 

 ploughs on the demesne. (There are) now 8 

 bordars. Then 6 serfs ; now 3. (There are) 

 5 acres of meadow. Then i mill ; now none 

 (non). It is worth 50 shillings. 



to. 55 



NUTLEA [ Notley u ], which was held by 

 Alestan, a freeman, as a manor and as half a 

 hide and 30 acres, is held of Hamo by Ralf. 

 Then as now (semper) I plough. (There is) 

 now i bordar. Then 2 serfs ; now i . (There 

 is) an acre and a half of meadow. It is worth 

 30 shillings. There also (In eadem) the same 

 (Ralf) holds 30 acres which were held by 

 Alvric in King Edward's time ; then as now 

 (semper) half a plough was there ; and it is 

 worth 5 shillings. 



RAINES [Rayne 12 ] which was held by Coding 

 as a manor and as half a hide, is held of Hamo 

 by the same Ralf. Then as now (semper) I 

 plough and i bordar. And (there are) 2 

 acres of meadow. It is worth 20 shillings. 



BRACCHESTEDA [(Great) Braxted 1S ], which 

 was held, in King Edward's time, by Turbern u 



9 There can be no doubt that the Serlo and 

 Ralf who held so largely of Hamo Dapifer were 

 both named ' de Marci.' Eighty years later 

 (1166) we find Richard de Marcy and Ralf de 

 Marcy holding respectively of the Earl of Glou- 

 cester four and three knights' fees (Red Book of the 

 Exchequer, p. 290). And again, under John, Serlo 

 de Marcy and Ralf de Marcy held respectively four 

 knights and two knights of the Honour of Glou- 

 cester (see note 7 above) as part of the Honour of 

 Ongar (ibid. p. 611). Of these Serlo held i fees 

 'in Roinges' (ibid. p. 505), that is in Roothing 

 Marci, where his ancestor Ralf de Marci had held 

 of Hamo Dapifer in 1086. 



The family of Marci, so strangely confused by 

 Morant with that of Merk, occurs frequently under 

 Essex on the Pipe Rolls of Henry II., and Ralf de 

 Marci was sheriff of the county in 1 160-1. The 

 Marcis also held of the Honour of Boulogne. 



10 See Introduction, p. 350. 



11 It is uncertain in which of the Notleys this 

 manor lay. 



12 This estate has not been identified. 



13 This holding must have been Westhall there, 

 which was returned in an Inq. p.m. of 7 Edw. II. 

 as held of the Earl of Gloucester (see note 7). 



14 See Introduction, p. 350. 



500 



