THE HOLDERS OF LANDS 



which was held by Esgar as a manor and as I 

 hide in King Edward's time, is held of 

 G[eoffrey] by Martel. Then 2 ploughs on 

 the demesne ; now i. Then I priest and i 

 villein with (de) 20 acres which belonged 

 (attinebant) to the church ; now they do not 

 belong (sunt) to the church. (There are) now 

 4 bordars. Then 3 serfs ; now 2. (There 

 is) wood(land) for 100 swine, 20 acres of 

 meadow, (and) now a moiety of a mill. 1 

 Then as now (temper) it was worth 40 shil- 

 lings. 



MATCINGA [Matching*] was held by Esgar 

 as a manor and as 40 acres, which (manor) 

 G[eoffrey] holds in demesne. Then as now 

 (semfer) I plough. Then I serf; now none. 

 (There is) wood(land) for 10 swine, (and) 3 

 acres of meadow. It is worth 10 shillings. 



HALLINGEBERIA [Hallingbury 8 ], which was 

 held, in King Edward's time, by Godid, a 

 free woman, as a manor and as half a hide 

 less 8 acres, is held of G[eoffrey] by Hugh. 

 Then half a plough ; now none. Then 2 

 villeins ; now none. There are 5 acres of 

 meadow. It is worth 5 shillings. 



HUNDRET OF DoMMAWA [DuNMOW] 



ESTRA [(High) Easter] was held by Esgar, 

 in King Edward's time, as a manor and 

 as 2 hides. 4 Now G[eoffrey] (holds it) in 

 demesne. Then as now (semper) 4 ploughs 

 on the demesne, and 1 2 ploughs belonging to 

 the men. Then 46 villeins ; now 47. Then 

 14 bordars ; now 33. Then as now (semper) 

 9 serfs. (There is) wood(land) for 600 swine, 

 and 30 acres of meadow. And a fifth plough 

 could be employed (fieri) on the demesne. 



fo. 6ob 



Then 3 rounceys (runcini), and 7 beasts (ani- 

 malla\ and 60 swine, and 60 sheep, (and) 30 



Abbey in 1093. It was from the monks of Ber- 

 mondsey that the manor derived its name. It may 

 safely be inferred from this gift that the ' Martel ' 

 of the text was the ' Geoffrey Martel ' who held of 

 Geoffrey de Mandeville at Abbess Roding (see 

 above). Ralf Baignard is similarly spoken of 

 sometimes as ' Baignard ' only. 



1 As there is a similar entry under the manor of 

 Little Hallingbury Hall, it would seem that a mill 

 had been erected here under the Conqueror, and a 

 moiety of it assigned to each of the two manors. 



* i.e. the manor of Stock Hall there. 



* The identity of this small estate seems doubt- 

 ful. 



4 The very low hidation of this great and valu- 

 able manor should be observed. It appears to have 

 included Pleshey (see Introduction, p. 343). 



goats, (and) 10 hives of bees. Now 3 roun- 

 ceys, and 7 cows, 5 27 swine, 50 sheep, and 4 

 goats, and 17 hives of bees. 6 Then and 

 afterwards it was worth 20 pounds ; now 30.' 



To this manor belong now as then (adjacent 

 semper) 6 sokemen with (de) i^ hides. Then 

 2 ploughs ; now i ; (there are) now 3 bor- 

 dars ; 8 (there are) 8 acres of meadow ; it was 

 then worth 20 shillings ; now 30. 



There also belong (adjacent) to this manor 

 2 hides and i virgate which were held by 2 

 sokemen in King Edward's time, (and) in 

 which there are now as then (semper) 4 ploughs 

 on the demesne, and i ploughs belonging to 

 the men. Then 8 villeins ; now 7. Then 

 6 bordars ; now 7. Then as now (semper) 3 

 serfs. (There is) wood(land) for 60 swine, 

 (and) 24 acres of meadow. Then and after- 

 wards it was worth 100 shillings; now 10 

 pounds. This is held of Geoffrey by 4 

 knights. 



And there belongs further (adhuc jacet) to 

 this manor half a hide which used to belong 

 to the church of the manor in King Edward's 

 time, and which (earn) is now held of G[eof- 

 frey] by Gutbert. Then as now (semper) i 

 plough. Then I bordar ; now 3 ; and (there 

 is) I serf. (There is) wood(land) for 20 

 swine, (and) 5 acres of meadow. It was then 

 worth 20 shillings ; now 30. 



And this abovesaid manor is claimed by the 

 Abbot of Ely, and the Hundret (court) testi- 

 fies that it was in (possession of) the abbey in 

 King Edward's time, but (that) Ansgar held 

 this manor on that day on which King Ed- 

 ward was alive and dead. 9 



8 Here the cows seem to represent the 'ani- 

 malia ' mentioned just before. 



6 The hives had here increased from 10 to 17, 

 and on his adjoining manor of Great Waltham 

 from none to 20, giving on the whole estate an 

 increase from I o to 37. It is worth noting that 

 on the great manor of (Saffron) Walden, his other 

 seat in the county, the hives had increased from 4 

 to 30. 



7 Here is an increase in value of 50 per cent, 

 with no increase in ploughs and a slight decrease 

 in the live stock. 



8 This implies that these sokemen had tilled 

 their own land and had no peasants under them. 



9 i.e. on the day of his death. For the abbot's 

 claim to this manor see Liber Eficniis (Ed. Anglia 

 Christiana Society), pp. 216-8. The abbey 

 alleged that Ansgar the staller had seized this 

 manor, that Abbot Wulfric and the monks appealed 

 to King Edward in vain, and that they were ulti- 

 mately obliged to grant it to Ansgar for his life. 

 As in other cases, his Norman successor took pos- 

 session of all the land he had held by whatever 

 title. 



509 



