A HISTORY OF ESSEX 



Edward's time, is held by R[anulf] in de- 

 mesne. Then 3 ploughs on the demesne ; 

 afterwards 2 ; now 3. Then as now (sem- 

 per) 3 ploughs belonging to the men. Then 

 and afterwards 7 villeins ; now 6. Then and 

 afterwards I bordar ; now 9. Then as now 

 (semper) 4 serfs. (There is) wood(land) for 

 1 6 swine, (and) 22 acres of meadow. Then 



fo.Si 



15 beasts (animalia), and 50 swine, and 80 

 sheep and I3, 1 and 25 goats ; now 4 beasts, 

 and 10 swine, and 55 sheep, and 2 rounceys. 

 Then and afterwards it was worth 8 pounds ; 

 now 9. 



BABITERNA [Bapthorne *], which was held 

 by Inguar' 8 as a manor and as 2 hides in King 

 Edward's time, is held by R[anulf] in de- 

 mesne. Then as now (semper) 2 ploughs on 

 the demesne, and 4 ploughs belonging to the 

 men, and 6 villeins. (There are) now 7 bor- 

 dars. Then and afterwards 2 serfs ; now 3. 

 (There are) 31 acres of meadow, (with) I 

 mill now as then (semper). Then and after- 

 wards it was worth 7 pounds ; now 8. To 

 these two manors 3 belong now as then (adja- 

 cent semper) 2 sokemen with (de) 5 acres. 



GELDHAM [Yeldham *], which was held by 

 a free man as a manor and as half a hide in King 

 Edward's time, is held of R[anulf] by Walter. 

 Then i plough ; afterwards none ; now I . 

 (There are) 9 acres of meadow. (There was) 

 then no live stock (nicbil) ; now 2 beasts 

 (animalia), and I rouncey (runcinus\ and 30 

 sheep, and 2 swine. It is worth 20 shillings. 



HuNDRET OF WlTBRICTESHERNA [DfiNGIE] 



NIWELANDA [Newland 6 ], which was held 

 by Ingwar' 8 as a manor and as i ^ hides and 

 35 acres in King Edward's time, is held of 

 Rfanulf] by W[ ]. (There are) 



now 4 bordars. Then as now (semper) i 

 serf, and i plough on the demesne. It was 

 then worth 20 shillings ; afterwards and now 

 30. And (there are) "j\ acres which are held 

 by I free man and are worth 7 pence. 



BUBINGEORDA [Bobbingworth 6 ], which 

 was held by 2 free men as i hide and 30 



1 i.e. 93 sheep (unless by the 'long score'). 

 8 A manor in Birdbrook, now ' Baythorne.' 

 3 i.e. Birdbrook and Bapthorne. 

 * The identity of this holding is doubtful. 

 6 Apparently East Newland in St. Lawrence. 

 6 In Ongar Hundred. The scribe has omitted 

 the Hundredal heading. 



acres in King Edward's time, is held of 

 R[anulf] by Richard. Then i bordar ; now 

 2. Then 4 serfs ; now 2. Then 2 ploughs 

 on the demesne; afterwards and now i. 

 (There is) wood(land) for 80 swine, (and) 

 4 acres of meadow. Then as now (semper) 

 i cow, and 3 swine, and 107 sheep. It was 

 then worth 40 shillings ; now 60. 



HUNDRET OF CELMERESFORT [CHELMSFORD] 



GINGA [Mountnessing ? 7 ], which was held 

 by Ingwara 8 as a manor and as 9 hides, is 

 held by R[anulf] in demesne. Then 18 

 villeins ; now 1 6. Then 8 bordars ; now 

 20. Then 5 serfs ; now 7. Then 2 

 ploughs on the demesne ; now i. Then 12 

 ploughs among the men ; now 9. (There 

 is) wood(land) for 700 swine. (There are) 

 now 7 beasts (animalia), and 60 sheep. It 

 was then worth 8 pounds ; now 10. And 



1 free man holds 20 acres, and (this) is worth 

 3 shillings. There also (in eadem) William 

 de Bosc holds 2 hides and 26 acres of 

 R[anulf] and has (it) by exchange (in suo 

 escangio) ; g (this) was held by Alfega and 

 Algar in King Edward's time ; (there are) 

 now 3 bordars ; then 2 serfs ; now I ; then 



fo. 8ib 



2 ploughs on the demesne ; now i ; there 

 is wood(land) for 60 swine, and pasture for 

 100 sheep ; (this) is worth 40 shillings. 10 



CUBRIGEA [Cowbridge u ], which was held 

 by Alwin as a manor and as half a hide and 

 61 acres, is held of R[anulfJ by William. 

 And half a plough can be (employed there 12 ). 

 (There is) I acre of meadow, 13 (and) wood- 

 (land) for 2O swine. It is worth 10 shillings. 



7 This is Morant's identification, but there 

 seems to be no other ground for it than that 

 Cowbridge is in Mountnessing. On the other 

 hand there does not seem to be anything against 

 it. 



8 See Introduction, p. 352. 



9 The probable meaning of this is that Ranulf 

 himself obtained it by exchange. 



10 The total assessment in hides recorded in 

 this and the two entries which follow is very 

 large, but Mountnessing is a parish of more than 

 4,000 acres. The absence of meadow is very 

 strange, as the river Wid flows through it, and the 

 ' pasture for sheep ' is one of the very few instances 

 of such a phrase in the survey of an inland parish. 



11 A manor in Mountnessing, now represented 

 by two farms. 



18 This is a rare phrase in the Essex survey and 

 implies that the half plough (team) was not there 

 in 1086. 



13 The scarcity of meadow should be observed. 



540 



