THE HOLDERS OF LANDS 



GINGA [Mountnessing ? '] was held by two 

 free maidens * as 80 acres. Now Rfanulf] 

 (holds it) by exchange (in suo escangia), and 

 VV[illiam ?] of him. Then as now (semper) 



1 plough. It is worth 15 shillings. 



HUNDRET OF TENDRINGA 



In DERLEIA [Ardleigh 3 ] Edric of Estorp 

 [Easthorpe] * held i manor of 2^ hides. 

 Now R[anulf] holds it as i^ hides, and 

 Roger (holds it) of him. 6 Then 2 villeins ; 

 now I. Then I serf; now none. Then 

 and afterwards I plough on the demesne ; 

 now a half. Then and afterwards I plough 

 belonging to the men ; now none. And 3 

 ploughs can be (employed there). There is 

 wood(land) for 20 swine, (and) 4 acres of 

 meadow. Then and afterwards it was worth 

 30 shillings; now 10. R[anulf] has this 

 land by exchange (pro escangio). He also has 

 in the soke of Laleforda [Lawford] 1 5 acres ; 

 and there dwells I man who renders 7 shil- 

 lings and 8 pence. 6 



XXXVIII. THE LAND OF TIHEL 

 THE BRETON 7 (BRITTONIS) 



HUNDRET OF UDELESFORDA [UTTLESFORD] 



GERDELAI [Yardley 8 ] was held by 2 free 

 men as a manor and as I hide in King 

 Edward's time. Then as now (semper) i 

 plough on the demesne. And (there were) 



2 bordars ; now 7. Then (there was) wood- 

 (land) for 40 swine ; afterwards and now for 

 30. (There are) 10 acres of meadow. Then 

 5 beasts (animalia), 14 sheep, and 26 swine, 



1 See p. 540, note 7, above. 



* * puellac libcrse.' But ' lihcrac ' occurs at 

 times for Mibere," so that the entry might be 

 read ' tenucrunt libere.' 



8 Ardleigh is ' Erleia ' in three entries (fos. 

 59*, 6jt, 89*). The prefixed 'D' here and 

 on fo. 95*, where the name becomes ' Dereleia ' 

 is of interest for comparison with ' Orseda ' and 

 ' Dorseda,* the Domesday names of Orsett. 



* It is common in Hertfordshire, but very rare 

 in Essex, to find the English predecessor distin- 

 guished by the name of his chief estate. ' Edric ' 

 is duly entered under Easthorpe, which had passed 

 to Count Eustace, as its previous holder (see p. 466 

 above). 



6 The identity of this manor is doubtful. 

 Ardleigh, a large parish of more than 5,000 

 acres, was much divided in 1086. 



' The relative entry under Lawford (p. 435 

 above) duly Utes that Ranulf held these 15 

 acres. 



7 Alias Tihel de Helion (or Herion), ancestor 

 of the Essex Helions (see pp. 350, 457 above). 



8 A manor in Thaxtcd. 



and 32 goats, and i rouncey (runcinus), and I 

 hive of bees ; now 4 beasts, and 14 swine, and 

 38 sheep, and 3 hives of bees, and I rouncey. 

 This is held of Tihel by Serlo. Tihel claims 

 (to hold) this land of the king's gift. It was 

 then worth 16 shillings; now 20. 



HUNDRET OF FROSSEWELLA [FRESHWELL] 



STEVITUNA [Stevington (End) 9 ], which 

 was held by Oslac, a free man, as a manor 

 and as 42^ acres in King Edward's time, is 

 held by Tihel in demesne. Then as now 

 (semper) 2 ploughs on the demesne. Then 

 and afterwards I bordar ; now 3. Then as 

 now (semper) 4 serfs. (There are) 5 acres of 

 meadow. Then 5 beasts (anima/ia), and 5 

 swine, and 10 sheep, and 2 hives of bees ; 

 now 5 cows, and I rouncey (runcinus), and 

 30 swine, and 50 sheep, and I hive of bees. 

 Then and afterwards it was worth 60 shil- 

 lings; now 100 shillings and I ounce of gold. 



REDEWINTRA [Radwinter 10 ], which was 

 held by Lefsiu as a manor and as half a hide 

 and half a virgate in King Edward's time, is 

 held of Tfihel] by Goderet. Then as now 

 (semper) 2 ploughs on the demesne, and I 

 plough belonging to the men, and 4 villeins. 

 Then 5 bordars ; now 7. (There is) wood- 

 (land) for 60 swine, (and) 8 acres of meadow. 

 Then 6 beasts (animalia) ; now 4. And 

 (then) 1 8 swine ; and now the same. Then 

 49 sheep ; now 32. (There are) 4 hives 

 of bees. Then 20 goats ; now none. It 

 was then worth 2O shillings ; now 60. 

 Tihel claims (to hold) this of the king's gift. 



BUNSTEDA [(Helion) Bumpstead n ], which 

 was held by Lewin cilt '* as a manor and as 

 4 hides in King Edward's time, is held by 

 T[ihel] in demesne. Then as now (semper) 

 4 ploughs on the demesne. Then 4 ploughs 



9 Now the manor of Waltons in Ashdon. The 

 Record Commission's edition reads the name as 

 Steintuna,' but it should probably be read as 

 ' Steuituna ' (for ' Stevituna ') 



10 These two manors (Stevington and Rad- 

 winter) were held together of the Honour of 

 Helion by Warine Fitz Gerold temp. John (ReJ 

 Bock of the Exchequer, pp. 358, 504, 601). 



11 Of the two Bumpsteads this is the one that 

 lies in Freshwell Hundred. Tihel's share of it 

 was the manor of Helioni. 



11 An Englishman of the same name had held 

 an estate at Purlcigh (see p. 548 below). But 

 whether these were the same, and whether, if 

 so, they were identical with the Bedfordshire 

 thegn of the name, is uncertain (but see Intro- 

 duction, p. 351). 



541 



