A HISTORY OF ESSEX 



HUNDRET OF WlTHAM 



SMALELANT [Smalland *], which was held 

 by Earl Algar' 8 as a manor and as 2 hides, is 

 held of R[obert] by Nigel. Then as now 

 (semper) I plough, and i bordar, and I serf. 

 (There are) 9 acres of meadow, (and) now 

 two-thirds (paries) of a fishery. Then 2 

 beasts (animalia) ; now 4. Then I pig ; 

 now 25. (There are) now 2 colts (pulli). 

 Then 6 sheep ; now 35. Then 6 goats ; 

 now none. It is worth now as then (sem- 

 per) 2O shillings. 



HUNDRET OF BEVENTREU [BECONTREE] 



LEINTUNA [Leyton], which was held by 

 Harold as a manor and as 4^ hides in King 

 Edward's time, is held by R[obert] in de- 

 mesne. Then 2 ploughs on the demesne ; 

 now none. Then as now (semper) I plough 

 belonging to the men. Then 3 villeins ; 

 now 5, and I priest. Then 4 bordars ; 

 now 6. Then 4 serfs ; now none. (There 

 is) wood(land) for 300 swine, (and) 40 acres 

 of meadow. Then 7 fisheries ; now none. 

 Then i mill ; now none. And 2 ploughs 

 more (adhuc) could be added to the stock 

 (restaurarf). It was then worth 4 pounds ; 

 now 2O shillings. 



In LEINTUNA [Leyton] R[obert] holds 3 

 hides which were held by 8 s sokemen in King 

 Edward's time. Then 4 ploughs ; now none. 

 (There are) now 6 villeins, and i bordar. 

 (There is) wood(land) for 10 swine, (and) 

 30 acres of meadow. Half a fishery (was 

 there) then ; now none. It was then worth 

 60 shillings ; now 20. And these sokemen 

 used to pay a customary due (reddebant con- 

 suetudinem) to Havelingae [Havering], the 

 king's manor, in King Edward's time, and 

 now (do not ?) render (it).* 



1 Alias Marshalls, a manor in Hatfield Peverel. 



* See Introduction, p. 337. 



3 This figure is so read in the Record Commis- 

 sion's edition, but is very doubtful, as it has been 

 altered in the MS. 



* This is an important passage because it refers 

 directly to the Havering entry on p. 430 above, 

 where we read that there used to belong to that 

 manor, in King Edward's time, 4 'free men' with 

 4 hides, who used to pay a customary due to it, 

 but had ceased to do since these hides had been 

 obtained, one of them by Hugh de Montfort, 

 and the other three by Robert son of Corbutio. 

 It will be observed that the 3 ' free men ' there 

 entered as the previous holders of Robert's hides 

 are here replaced by 8 (?) ' sokemen,' a notable and 

 suggestive discrepancy. The figure ' 8,' however, 

 appears to have been altered from ' 4 ' (' iiii '). 



LALINGE [Lawling 6 ], which was held by 

 Leuinc, 6 a free man, as a manor and as 4^ 

 hides in King Edward's time, is held of 

 R[obert] by W[ ]. Then 3 bor- 



fo. 8sb 



dars ; now 5. Then as now (semper) 4 

 serfs, and 2 ploughs. (There is) pasture for 

 40 sheep. Then 2 rounceys (runcint) ; now 

 3. Then 7 beasts (animalia) ; now 9. Then 

 107 sheep ; now 124. Then 6 goats ; now 

 none. It was then worth 3 pounds ; now 4.' 



HUNDRET OF CELME[RE]SFORT [CHELMSFORD] 



HANINGEFELDA [Hanningfield 8 ], which 

 was held by Alestan, a free man, as a manor 

 and as 1 1 hides in King Edward's time, is 

 held of R[obert] by Ranulf. (There are) 

 now i bordar, and I serf, and now as then 

 (semper) I plough. (There are) 2 acres of 

 meadow, (with) wood(land) for 12 swine. It 

 is worth now as then (semper) 30 shillings. 



WALTHAM, 9 which was held by Ulsi as 

 a manor and as i hide and 30 acres, is held 

 of R[obert] by W[ ]. Then i 



villein ; now none. Then 9 bordars ; now 

 1 1 . Then as now (semper) I serf, and i 

 plough. There is wood(land) for 30 swine, 

 (and) 8 acres of meadow. Then as now 

 (semper) I mill (was there). It was then 

 worth 30 shillings ; now 40. 



There also (in eadem 9 ) Ranulf holds of 

 R[obert] i free man with (de) 30 acres, 

 whom R[obert] took possession of (invasii). 

 Then as now (semper) half a plough (was 

 there). It is worth 4 shillings. 



BEDENESTEDA [Sandon 10 ], which was held 



6 A manor in Latchingdon (Dengie Hundred). 

 8 The reading of this manor is doubtful. 



7 Under Havering (see note 4 above) Domes- 

 day further states that Robert holds 4^ hides which 

 were held of that manor by a free man in King 

 Edward's time. This can only refer to the above 

 ' Lalinge," which is Lawling on the south shore of 

 the Blackwater, its position on the coast account- 

 ing for its pasture 'for 40 sheep.' But in this 

 entry, it will be observed, there is no reference to 

 Havering. It is, no doubt, most singular that an 

 estate so far off should be held of the manor of 

 Havering, but this is a peculiar feature of royal 

 manors in Essex (see Introduction, p. 338). 



8 This manor has not been identified in the 

 Hanningfields. 



9 These two holdings in the Walthams have 

 not been identified. 



10 See Introduction (p. 390). But this manor 

 there has not been identified. 



546 



