A HISTORY OF ESSEX 



at (ad) Peering (feringas) ; 1 and this is the 

 testimony of the Hundret (court) ; but (the 

 estate) was delivered to Hugh among (in 

 numero) his manors, as his men assert (d'tcunt). 

 And in BOTINGHAM [Botingham (Hall) 2 ] 

 (are) 1 5 acres of land, which were held by a 

 free man in King Edward's time, and are 

 now held (of Hugh) by William son of 

 Grossa (grosses), and are worth 32 pence. 



In the Hundret of Ceffeorda [Chaffbrd] is 

 I free man with (de) 40 acres, who belonged 

 to Havering (havelingas) in King Edward's 

 time, (and) whom St. Peter of Westminster 

 has now, because he came (venif) to the 

 abbey of his own accord, 3 and he does not 

 render (his) customary due (consuetudinem) to 

 Havering (havelingas'). 



ENCROACHMENT (!NVASIO) OF G[EOFFREY] 

 DE ' MAGNA VILLA ' 



MASCEBERIA [Mashbury 4 ] was held by 

 Alveva, a free woman, in King Edward's 

 time, (and) now Ulvric holds it (quam) of the 

 king's gift. And G[eoffrey] seized (it) to the 

 wrong of (super) the king. In this (qua) land 

 there is i hide ; and now as then (semper) i 

 plough, and i serf ; and (there are) 8 acres of 

 meadow. It was then worth 20 shillings ; 

 now 30. And in CANEFELDA [Canfield] are 

 8 acres of land which Geoffrey seized to the 

 wrong of (invasit super) the king, and which 

 Richard holds of him. 6 



WIGGHEPET [Wiggepet 6 ] was held by Boso, 



1 See p. 444 above. 



8 A manor in Copford. 



3 This is an interesting phrase which appears to 

 denote commendation. On p. 445 above is mention 

 of another free man in this Hundred who 'misit 

 in Sancto Petro dimidiam hidam.' Possibly both 

 cases were those of men seeking the abbey's pro- 

 tection for their lands. 



* Geoffrey held the rest of Mashbury. 



B Geoffrey had a manor of his own at Canfield, 

 which was held of him by this Richard, and which 

 may have been, as Morant held, Langthorns in 

 Little Canfield. 



6 A manor in Arkesden, which extended into 

 Elmdon and Wendon, as Morant observed, and 

 which is now represented, as I have shown, by 

 Rockell's and New Rockell's farms (see Introduc- 

 tion, p. 391, and Essex Arch. Trans, [n.s.] viii. 

 376). Its identity is proved by charters in the 

 [Saffron] Walden cartulary. On fo. 147 Robert 

 (son of Robert) de la Rokele quitclaims, in 1 302, 

 to the abbot of Walden his obligation to provide 

 3 masses a week ' in capella mea de Wyggefosse,' 

 and on fo. I4$d Humfrey de Rokella grants the 

 tithe of a mill saving the multure ' domus mee 



a free man, as a manor and as 1\ hides in 

 King Edward's time. Then and afterwards 

 2 ploughs on the demesne ; now \\. Then 

 4 ploughs belonging to the men ; afterwards 

 and now 6. Then and afterwards 7 villeins ; 

 now 8. Then 5 serfs ; afterwards and now 

 7. (There is) woodland for 30 swine, (and) 

 24 acres of meadow. 7 (There is) i mill now 

 as then (semper). Then and afterwards it 

 was worth i oo shillings ; now 6 pounds. 



fo. icob 



WICGEPET [Wiggepet 8 ] was held by i 

 free man as a manor and as 3 hides in King 

 Edward's time. Then and afterwards 2 

 ploughs on the demesne ; now i. (There 

 is) now i plough belonging to the men, and 

 I villein. Then as now (semper) 5 bordars. 

 Then i serf ; now none. It is worth now 

 as then 40 shillings. And in WENDENA 

 [Wendon 9 ] a free man held (ten') 6 acres, 

 and (this) is worth 2 shillings. In PHERNE- 

 HAM [Farnham 10 ] 4 free men held 3 hides 

 and 3 virgates in King Edward's time ; and 

 now they are held of G[eoffrey] by 4 knights ; 

 then and afterwards 8 ploughs (were there) ; 

 now 5 ; then and afterwards 6 villeins ; now 

 3 ; then and afterwards 4 bordars ; now 

 1 5 ; then and afterwards 7 serfs ; now 3 ; 

 then and afterwards (there was) wood(land) 

 for 60 swine ; now for 50 ; there are 14 

 acres of meadow ; it is worth now as then 

 (semper) 6 pounds. In STANBURNA [Stam- 

 bourne 11 ] a free man held half a hide in King 

 Edward's time ; then and afterwards 2 ploughs 

 (were there) on the demesne ; now none ; 

 then as now (semper) half a plough belonging 

 to the men, and 3 bordars, and i serf ; there 

 are 1 2 acres of meadow ; then and afterwards 

 it was worth 40 shillings ; now 50. In 

 WESUUNIC [ 12 ] in King Edward's 



propriae de Wyggefosse,' in 1210. The 'fosse,' 

 of course, is ' pet ' Frenchified. The name sur- 

 vived at least as late as the seventeenth century. 



7 This large proportion of meadow points to the 

 manor lying on ' The Wicken Water,' which runs 

 through Arkesden. 



8 See note 6 above. 



9 This small holding in the Wendons cannot be 

 identified. 



10 i.e. the manor of Earls-bury there, so named 

 from Geoffrey's descendants, the earls of Essex, 

 who held it. 



11 i.e. as Morant showed, the manor of Moone 

 Hall there, which was held of Geoffrey's heirs. 

 Stambourne is in Hinckford Hundred, a good dis- 

 tance to the west of the manors among which it is 

 here entered. 



18 As these encroachments usually adjoined the 

 manors of those who made them, I am disposed to 

 think that this place was the 'Wenesuuic' in 



568 



