A HISTORY OF LANCASHIRE 



the Upper Silurian belong the Coniston grits (flags and greywacke) and 

 Coniston flags. The Mountain limestone is abundantly exposed near 

 Ulverston, Conishead, and Grange, near which is the precipitous headland 

 known as Humphrey Head, long known to botanists. Rocks of Permian 

 age occur near Dalton-in-Furness, passing north-westwards along the coast of 

 Cumberland, and south-eastwards across Morecambe Bay to near Lancaster 

 in V.C. 60. 



The flora of this vice-county is somewhat different to that of the other 

 two, owing to the great mass of slate which rises some 500 feet above that of 

 the highest ground of the other two vice-counties. It is not however richer 

 in forms. The plants of this slate region are like those of the lake 

 mountains, but a number of the rarer plants of Cumberland are wanting in 

 this vice-county. It is less varied geologically and of much smaller size than 

 Cumberland, which has ground rising to over 500 feet beyond that of the 

 highest point in Lake Lancashire, and also has considerable exposures of 

 granite. The limestone tract is of much interest, as a considerable proportion 

 of the plants which are more or less peculiar to that formation in west and north 

 central England and Wales are to be found. The flowering plants of this 

 portion of the county are well known, but the cryptogams have been 

 neglected. The woods along the shores of Windermere will furnish a very 

 large fungus-flora, and a wide and beautiful field is open to the student. 



This vice-county is about 25 m. from N. to S. and 13 from E. to W. 

 Besides the rivers already mentioned as forming boundaries there is the Crake, 

 also lakes Coniston Water, Esthwaite Water, Blelham Tarn, Tarn Hows Tarn, 

 Levers Water, Goats Water, Low Water, and Seathwaite Tarn. 



LIST OF WORKS RELATING TO THE LANCASHIRE FLORA 



The works here enumerated refer to either one of the three divisions or vice-counties or to 

 some portion of them, or contain more or less frequent references to localities for plants found in 

 the county. 



Gerard, J., The Herbal!, 1597 Luxford, G., The Phytologist (old ser.), 1841-8 



The Herbal! (cA. by T. Johnson), 1633 Jopling, Furness and Cartmel, Ulverston. Plants: 

 Merrett, C., Pittax, 1 666 Furness by Aiton ; Cartmel by Wilson, W., 1 843 

 Ray, J., Catalogus Plantarum Anglite (ed. l), 1670 Buxton, R., Botanical Guide to Manchester, Flowering 



Catalogs Plantarum AngRee (ed. 2), 1677 Plants, Ferns, Mosses, and Algae found in- 



Synofsis Methodlca Stirfium Britannica (ed. i), 1690 digenous within 16 miles of Manchester. 



Synopsis Methodica Stirpium Britannica (ed. 2), 1696 Quoted in this article as Buxton's G., 1849 

 Synopsis Methodlca Stirpium Britannica (ed. 3, Newman, The Phytologist, 1849-1854 



Dillenius), 1724 Dickinson, Dr. J., The Flora of Liverpool, 1851 



Wilson, John, A Synopsis of British Plants on J. Ray's The Flora of Liverpool Supplement (Mosses), 1855 



Method, 1 744 Marratt, F. P., ' Mosses of Liverpool and Southport,' 



Hudson, W., Flora Anglica, \ 762 in Phytologist. This contains Dr. J. B. Woods' 



Withering, W., Botanical Arrangement (ed. l), 1776 ' Bryology of Southport,' 1855 



Botanical Arrangement (ed. 2, J. Stokes), 1787; Wilson, Wm., Bryologia Britannica (ed. 3), 1855 



and later editions down to (ed. 7) 1830 Irvine, The Phytologist (new ser.), 1855-1863 



Turner and Dillwyn, Botanists' Guide, 1805 Linton, W. J., The Lake Country, 1864 



Smith, Sir J. E., Engl. Flora (1824-8) and vol. v., Ferns of the Lake Country (ed. 2), 1878 



pt. i. by W. J. Hooker Aspland, L., Guide to Grange. Plants by A. Mason 

 Watson, Hewitt CoKerd, New Botanical Guide, 1835-7 and L. Aspland, 1869 



Cybele Britannica, 18471852 Liverpool Nat. Field Club, Flora of Liverpool, 1872 



Compendium of the Cybele, 1870 Linton, Rev. E. F., Catalogue of Plants of West Lanca- 



Topographical Botany (ed. i), 1873 shire in Botanical Locality Rec. Club, 1874 



Topographical Botany (ed. z, Baker and Newbould), Hodgson, Miss E., 'Flora of North or Lake Lanca- 



1883 shire,' in Journal of Botany, 1874 



Hall, T. B., A Flora of Liverpool, 1839 B ^er, John Gilbert, F.R.S., Flora of English Lake 

 Wood, J. B., Flora Mancuniensis, 1840 District, 1885 



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