INSECTS 



ACRIDID.S: (continued") generally abundant, the cockroach 



Pachtylus cinerascens, L. Manchester having in many places supplanted 



migratorius, L. Bolton and even exterminated it 



GRYLLID^E (Crickets) [The determination of several of the exotic 



The only species recorded from species mentioned above is due to the kind- 



the county is Gryllus domesticus, L., ness of Mr. Malcolm Burr, the well-known 



the common cricket of our houses, authority on the Orthoptera] 

 which is locally common, but hardly 



HYMENOPTERA 



The only portion of this order of which detailed and trustworthy data 

 are obtainable is the Aculeata^ that is the ants, wasps, and bees. These 

 have been studied by the late Benjamin Cooke of Southport, and the 

 Rev. H. H. Higgins, formerly of Rainhill near Liverpool. The result 

 of their observations, together with those of a few other local students of 

 the order, has been incorporated in a paper on * The Hymenoptera- 

 Aculeata of Lancashire and Cheshire, with notes on the habits of the 

 genera,' by Willoughby Gardner, F.L.S., reprinted from the Transactions 

 of the Liverpool Biological Society^ 1901. This list deals however only 

 with the southern part of Lancashire. The centre and north of the 

 county are still practically virgin ground to the Hymenopterist, and 

 probably many species are to be found there which have no place in the 

 list referred to. 



As regards the remainder of the order the ichneumons, saw-flies, 

 gall-flies, etc. a short list exists compiled by Benjamin Cooke which 

 enumerates about 150 species as having been noticed by himself of the 

 Tenthredinidtz, Xiphydrndce^ Uroceridce, Cynipidce^ Ichneumonidce, Braconidce, 

 Bethylidce^ and ILmbolimidce, and also about 23 species of Chalcididte and 

 Chrysididce. These are all from the immediate vicinity of Manchester. 

 This list was published in the Naturalist^ vol. v. No. liii. Dec. 1 879. 

 It makes no pretension to be in any sense exhaustive, and is really not 

 much more than a ' note ' of species observed near Manchester. We 

 have however no other accessible local information on this part of the 

 order known to the writer. 



Reverting to the Aculeata^ it appears to be unnecessary to mention 

 in detail species generally and everywhere abundant. The following 

 records however seem worthy of attention as of species more or less rare 

 and local. They are taken from the list of Mr. Gardner already men- 

 tioned. 



HETEROGYNA POMPILIDJE 



FORMICID;E Pompilus rufipes, L. \ , , , 



Ponera contracta, Lat. Near Manchester plumbeus, F. Recorded from 



-niger,F. \ thecoastsand- 



FOSSORES P ectinipes,V.deLind.J r 



SAPYGIDJE Salius exaltatus, F. Bowden near Man- 



Sapyga 5-punctata, F. Rainhill near Liver- chester 



pool Ceropalpes maculata, F. Southport 



1 B, Brown, Market Place, Huddersfield. 

 109 



