FISHES 



with M. chela, the two species being very simi- 

 lar, but I am not aware of any certain record of 

 the occurrence of the former fish. 



66. Greater Sand-eel. Ammodytes lanceolatus, 



Lesauv. 



Not a common fish in Lancashire waters, but 

 a specimen has been taken in Morecambe Bay. 



67. Lesser Sand-eel. Ammodytes tobianus, Linn. 

 Much commoner than the greater sand-eel. 



It is caught almost everywhere in shallow waters, 

 and is a common fish in the shrimp nets. There 

 is a fishery for sand-eels at Fleetwood, where they 

 are simply dug out of the sand. 



68. Garfish or Greenbone. Be/one vulgaris, 



Will. 



The occurrence of this fish is rather capricious. 

 It is occasionally taken in Ulverston Channel 

 in stake nets, and it has been caught in the 

 Queen's Dock at Liverpool and in the Man- 

 chester Ship Canal at Eastham ! 



HEMIBRANCHII 



69. Three-spined Stickleback. Gasterosteus acu- 



leatus, Linn. 

 Locally, Jack Sharp. 



A semi-marine species. It occurs near Piel 

 in the Barrow Channel. 

 **yo. Ten-Spined Stickleback. Gasterosteus pun- 



gitius, Linn. 



This stickleback is recorded by Scott from the 

 Barrow Channel. 



7 1 . Fifteen - spined Stickleback. Gasterosteus 



spinacbia. Linn. 



Scott has recorded this fish from Morecambe 

 Bay and from the Barrow Channel. 



Sticklebacks are often infested with the Myxo- 

 sporidian parasite, Glugea anomala, which forms 

 little globular swellings underneath the skin. A 

 number of these fishes from a pond in the 

 public park, Preston, were sent to me some time 

 ago, all infested with this Sporozoon. Ap- 

 parently the parasite caused no inconvenience to 

 the fishes. 



LOPHOBRANCHII 



72. Broad-nosed Pipe-fish. Siphonostoma typh/e, 



Linn. 



A shore fish which is very rare in Lancashire 

 waters. 



73. Pipe-fish. Syngnathus am!, Linn. 



This is the common pipe-fish. It is got very 

 frequently in the shrimp nets and in the shore 

 pools. 



PLECTOGNATHI 



74. Sun fish. Orthagoriscus mala (Linn.) 



This fish must be very rare off the north-west 

 coast of England. It is recorded in the stock 

 books of the Liverpool Public Museum as having 

 been taken 'off Southport' in 1864. I am not 

 aware of any other record of its occurrence in 

 the North Sea. 



HAPLOMI 



*75. Pike. Esox lucius, Linn. 

 Common in rivers and meres. 



OSTARIOPHYSI 

 *j6. Carp. Cyprinus carplo, Linn. 



In Bryerly's time l the carp was common in 

 ponds and streams, but it is certainly much rarer 

 now. 



77. Roach. Leuciscus rutilus (Linn.) 

 Not uncommon. 



78. Chub. Leuciscus cephalus (Linn.) 

 Not at all common. 



*79- Dace. Leuciscus vulgaris (Linn.) 



Bryerly states that Leuciscus lancastriensis was 

 common in 1856 in the streams about War- 

 rington. L. lancastriensis is identical with L. 

 vulgaris. 



*8o. Minnow. Leuciscus phoxinus (Linn.) 



Common. 

 *8i. Rudd. Leuciscus erythr aphtha Imus (Linn.) 



This is Bryerly's L. caeruleus. 



*82. Tench. Tinea vulgaris. Linn. 



Common in ponds. 

 *83- Bream. Abramis brama (Linn.) 



In ponds and streams. 

 *84. White Bream. Abramis blicca (Bloch) 



Bryerly recorded this fish from the Weaver. 



*85. Loach or ' Beardie.' Nemacheilus barbatu- 



tar, Rond. 



Not uncommon in smaller streams. 

 1 Isaac Bryerly, Fauna of Liverpool, 1856. 



MALACOPTERYGII 



**86. Salmon. Salmo salar, Linn. 1901 a salmon smolt about Ib. in weight was 



Taken by seine nets, 'hang-nets,' 'heaves.' taken by the fishery steamer John Fell, off 

 This fish also occurs frequently in the stake nets Blackpool, about two miles from land. This 



fish was feeding voraciously, when taken, on 

 young fish (sprats or herrings), and its stomach 



in Morecambe Bay and elsewhere, and it is 

 sometimes taken in the trawl. Our knowledge 

 of the salmon in the open sea is very scanty. In 



also contained the remains of brittle stars and 



185 



