EARLY MAN 



implement probably used as a pestle, 1 which seems to resemble a celt in 

 general outline ; and the third is an implement of the form of a rough 

 celt. This is in the museum at Preston, where it is described as * a stone- 

 hammer found at Longridge, composed of Yoredale grit.' Its dimensions are 

 7 in. by aj by if. 



In Lancashire over Sands the finds of stone celts are curiously localized 

 in an interesting manner to the central district of Furness, with the 

 exception of some implements found deep in the peat at Wray Hill near 

 to Ambleside on the northern boundary of the county. From Furness 

 Abbey, it is said, comes a celt nearly 9 in. in length, with a width of 

 2f in. and thickness ij in. Other celts are reported to the east at Roose- 

 beck near Aldingham and to the north at Stainton near Dalton. Further 

 to the north-east again the area of finds embraces Ulverston, where a polished 

 celt was found in some old workings of a haematite ore mine. At Penning- 

 ton near Conishead a little way to the south was found a celt somewhat 

 peculiar in form. It is of a green-stone, and is described as resembling 

 ' the butt end of a long celt of a common north country type, broken off 

 short, then roughly chipped to a new edge. The edge thus formed has 

 never been polished like the rest of the weapon.' Its present length is about 

 3i in., breadth ijin., and thickness i in. It was turned up by the plough 

 in a field on Castle Hill. The area of stone celts reaches eastward as 

 far as Cartmel, where an implement of grey schist, measuring 8i in. by 3^ in., 

 was found on Winder Moor. 



4. PERFORATED STONE IMPLEMENTS 



(a) Adze-like in form, with the hole transverse to the plane of the cutting 

 edge. The city of Manchester furnishes the best example of adze-like stone 

 implements. Those preserved in the Uni- 

 versity Museum are shown in the following 

 diagrams, Nos. 3-5, as they well illustrate 

 the form and character of this class. The 

 first of them, fig. 3, was found at Green- 

 heys, in a brickyard in Upper Lloyd Street. 

 It is interesting typologically from its resem- 

 blance in plan to the rounder stone hammers 

 described as mace-heads, etc., and in section 

 to the rougher axe-hammers, having one end 

 sharp and the other blunt. It has obviously 

 been considerably used. It is 4^ in. in 

 length by 2f in. in width, with a thickness 

 of ijin. 



The second example, fig. 4, shows a 

 more clearly adze-like implement, longer in 



proportion, which has been used obviously as an adze-hammer. It was 

 found in 1870, in Corporation Street, 25 ft. below the surface, and is of 

 a smooth glacial rock. It measures 5 in. by 2^ in., with a thickness of ijin. 

 It has the feeling of a well-advanced Bronze Age implement. 



i Described as from near Blackpool. Weld MSS. 

 219 



FIG. 3. STONE ADZE FROM GREENHEYS, 

 MANCHESTER. I : 2. 



