EARLY MAN 



possibly associated with the tumuli of the place, were found a flanged bronze 

 palstave and flat ring about 2 in. in diameter (Plate IV. Nos. 4, 5). Unfortu- 

 nately the evidence concerning this find is not clear. On accepted theory, the 

 palstave should belong almost to a second phase of the Bronze Age, and it is 

 an object rarely found in funerary deposits : a bronze socketed celt with 

 chevron ornamentation (Plate IV. No. 6) found in the same vicinity seems to 

 indicate a continuous Bronze Age population in the locality. 



Not more than a mile from Winwick, at Kenyon, there have been found 

 other funerary mounds apparently of this same age. One of the most recently 

 discovered was disturbed in making a diversion of a road, but a description 

 of the tumulus and its contents has been skilfully rescued. 1 The mound was 

 about 3 3 ft. in diameter and 3 ft. 6 in. in height, of the form shown in the 

 annexed section (fig. 25). Portions of two urns were recovered. On one of 

 these ' the outside surface of the lower portion for a depth of 3 in. is plain, 

 An equal width above this is ornamented with small triangular indentations and 

 short incised lines, forming chevrons in encircling rows. The upper portion 

 is divided by three angular cordons into two hollow grooves, the lower 

 of which is evenly marked with incised chevrons, and the upper one 

 filled with a zig-zag moulding, dotted over with similar triangles and chevrons. 

 The top of the everted rim is likewise covered with chevron markings in 



FIG. 25. SECTION OF A BRONZE AGE TUMULUS AT WINWICK. 



three rows.' Nearly eighty years ago fragments of an urn were found in the 

 same vicinity decorated with 'large triangular or lozenge-shaped grating, 

 marked with incised lines,' and with the urn a bronze pin or small implement 

 with a flat tang. 



Further north, at Bolton, a tumulus was opened about a quarter of a 

 mile south-east from Bolton parish church. It proved to be a Bronze Age 

 'barrow, about 30 ft. in diameter and 46. deep, made of small boulders. 

 About the centre was a cist urn, 4 ft. 6 in. long by 1 2 in. deep, of four up- 

 right stones and a coverer, lying nearly north and south. The skeleton lay 

 in a contracted attitude, with head to the north. Near to the head lay an 

 incense cup 4! in. by 3 in. high, and a bronze spear-head 4f in. long by i in. 

 broad.' The bowl was in excellent condition, with three rows of pattern 

 incised, of which the first and third were adjoining triangles of parallel lines 

 enclosed, with the interstices marked with lines in the complementary direc- 

 tion ; the second tier has a deviation of vertical dotted lines. The bronze 

 implement is a knife or knife-dagger, apparently with two sharp edges, having 

 three rivet holes at the base for affixing it to its handle. 8 The vicinity bears 

 other traces of burials, not only in tumuli which are preserved or recorded, as 

 that at Walmsley, which contained a skeleton, urn, and flint celt, but in the 



1 Lane, and Chei. Ant. Soc. xxi. (1904). Thos. May, Notes on a Bronze Age Barrow. 

 8 Hist. Soc. Lane, and Cbes. iv. p. 132. 

 I 241 31 



