SCHOOLS 



fit to go to the university to be elected. In case any unsuitable scholar 

 should be elected, it was his will that the master of the said college should 

 refuse to admit him, and that in his stead another scholar of Gloucester 

 School should be elected in manner aforesaid. His desire was that the 

 scholars should for the last four years of residence direct their studies to 

 divinity. For their better encouragement, four livings were to be given by his 

 representatives to those scholars. The will was proved 29 November, 1683. ' 



The first recorded nomination of a scholar from Gloucester is not till 

 2 December, 1696, from which time the Crypt School nominated pretty 

 regularly every fourth year, and occasionally when the other schools failed to 

 nominate. 



Under the Universities Act, 1854, the Oxford University Commissioners 

 in 1857 made an ordinance that the Townsend scholarships should be tenable 

 for not more than sixteen terms from matriculation ; and in 1858 the master 

 and fellows, in default of sufficient merit from the schools, threw the scholar- 

 ships open for that time. 



The Crypt School being closed for a time, in 1860 Gloucester nominated 

 a scholar from the Cathedral School, but the master of Pembroke rejected the 

 nomination as irregular. An appeal to the visitor of the college, the earl of 

 Derby, proved abortive for lack of jurisdiction. 



In 1876 Gloucester nominated a scholar on Northleach failing to do so, 

 but the master and fellows of Pembroke refused to examine him on the 

 ground that the former residuary rights of Gloucester had been taken away by 

 the ordinances of 1857 and 1858. They were upheld in their contention 

 by Henry Cotton and Charles Bowen (afterwards Lords Justices of Appeal), 

 to whom the case was submitted. 



In 1 88 1 new statutes for Pembroke College gave the four schools the 

 right of presenting candidates for examination, but if the college did not 

 consider them of sufficient merit for election, the four scholarships of 80 a 

 year were to be thrown open. 



In 1887, the master and fellows made a statute limiting the scholar- 

 ships to as many of 80 a year as the income of the endowment could main- 

 tain. The income, which had been 400, was at that time reduced to 

 200 at most. Between 1880 and 1893 no candidates were sent by 

 Gloucester; but in 1899, 1903, and 1905, it succeeded in obtaining the 

 scholarship. 



THE SCHOOLS OF BRISTOL 

 BRISTOL GRAMMAR SCHOOL 



Bristol Grammar School in all probability existed before the Conquest. At 

 all events it existed before St. Augustine's Abbey, now the cathedral church, 

 as a public school under the government of the laity and secular clergy. 



An inquiry was held * on 1 5 May, 1 3 1 8, as to the rights and privileges of 

 the Gild of the Kalendars held in All Saints' Church. Their rights had 



1 Bristol Little Red Book, fol. 82-3. This book was in 1900 edited by Mr. W. B. Bickley for the 

 Corporation of Bristol. The entry is headed ' Of the rule of the house of the Brotherhood of the Kalendars ' 

 (' De regula domus Fraternitatis Kalend '). 



355 



