153 THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF FRUITS. 



they should be mounded up with the hoe. This should be levelled 

 down again in the s[iring. 



Having prepared the ground well, as before stated, with plow, 

 sub-soiler. and harrow, run off the distances for the rows with a 

 p]o\v, making a clean furrow nine or ten inches deep — being care- 

 ful, if crooked, to straighten with a hoe or spade. Then set stakes 

 the proper distances along the farrow, and plant at the stakes. 

 Stand the plant at a slight angle against the perpendicular side of 

 the furrow, and spread the roots nicely each way. Cover and pack 

 the soil well around the roots. 



DISTANCE. 



Most vineyardists choose to plant in rows about eight feet apart, 

 and eight feet in the row. Some adopt six feet, or even less — ac- 

 cording to the variety, and the mode of training. Some of the 

 strong-growing sorts require greater distances. Concord, Isabella, 

 Hartford Prolific, Ives Seedling, Clinton, and such, need eight feet 

 or more ; while the little Delaware may do with four or five, and 

 the Catawba, lona, and similar ones, with five or six. Where 

 ground is plenty, it is best to allow plenty of room. 



NUMBER PER ACRE. 



An acre of ground contains 43,560 square feet, or 4,840 square 

 yards. It will require for planting the numbers specified in the 

 following estimate, viz. : 



At distance of 10 by 10 feet, 435 plants. 



At distance of 9 by 9 feet , 537 plants. 



At distance of 8 by 8 feet, 680 plants. 



At distance of 6 by 6 feet, 1,210 plants. 



For Concords 10 by 10 — certainly not less than 9 by 9 — is desir- 

 able, giving plenty of room for the plow and cuJtivator, and also 

 sufficient distance to train on the trellis. 



Where the ground is level, or nearly so, the rows should be run 

 north and south, thereb}^ giving more sunshine and freer circula- 

 tion of air. If it be hilly — and it is presumed that grapes will be 

 more frequently planted on hilly and uneven ground than elsewhere 

 — the rows should be run across the slope, so as to make the culti- 

 vation as near on a level as possible, in order that the ground shal) 

 not wash. 



