1888. 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



19 



LAWN AND FLOWER GARDEN. 



Crape Myrtle. Dlroetious for Hydrangeas apply. 



Gladiolus. See under Tigrldlaa. 



Hardy Flower Borders. Clear off auy frozen tender 

 tblnt^^s, remove bad foliage, ett-., keep the edges 

 trimmed, and they may look well yet for some time. 



Hydrangeas. Place In a cool, dry cellar; keeping 

 quite, but not dust dry at the root. 



Leaves. Find a plaoe to pile them for rotting and 

 for use on the land later. Many trees are injured by 

 the heat from fall leaf burning. It is not the singeing 

 of leaves that does harm, but injury to the bark. 



Lilies to be reset aliout the end of tlio month. Plant 

 at least six inches deep, antl cover for winter. 



Seed Beds. Pansies. Hollyhocks and hardy plants 

 sown recently to be reset from the seed beds. Prick 

 out, when the second leaves show Into prepared beds, 

 two inches apart each way for small growers, anti pro- 

 portionate distances for larger ones, carefully water- 

 ing tiie young seedlings as needed. 



Sodding may now be done. Work up the plat deeply, 

 n\ake even. and roll or beat tlmdy. Take tuif from 

 common pasture ground that is free from weeds and 

 coarse grasses, cut to II4 inches thick, in squares of one 

 foot or more, or in strips four feet long, rolling them 

 up for handling. Lay evenly, with close Joints, by 

 working flue soil imderneath tliiu pieces, and for thick 

 ones shave dowu the bed, and Iluish with a thorough 

 beating with the back of sp.-nie. 



Tigridias. After sliarp frosts, lift the bulbs. After 

 drying and cleaning, place In paper bags; winter in a 

 dry place secure from frost. 



Trees. Fail planting to l»e done early, that the roots 

 may get a start while the ground is warm. To bank 

 earth a foot high against them will steady the trees, 

 and keep mice from girdling them. 



Vases and Hanging Baskets. Empty these, wash 

 thoroughly, dry, and place under shelter. 



PLANT CULTURE UNDER GLASS. 



Air and Heat. Open ventilators full height on bright 

 days, allowing change of air among the plants. Avoid 

 lire heat as long as is consistent with safety. 



Arranging. The new season under glass begins. As 

 plants come in, study individual needs as to heat, light 

 and so on— placing accordingly. 



Azaleas should have perfect drainage, a coot airy 

 place with careful watering. 



Bonvardia. For bloom a temperature of 5(P will 

 answer, though more heat will bring earlier flowers. 



Calceolarias and similar seed-grown plants, will be 

 pushing lively under a fair chance. Shift promptly as 

 needed, water carefully, keep near glass, and clear of 

 Insects, airing freely. 



Chrysanthemums. Keep the plants imcrowded. 

 Give liquid manure twice a week until bloom shows 

 color, but no longer. Tliin the burls of large -flowered 

 sorts. Tile house in which theyaregrowing tf.ilje kept 

 rather dry through the flowering season. 



Cinerarias. Treat as directed for Calceolarias. 



Cyclamens to be kept In a warm, light place close t^) 

 the lire, and to be well encouraged for bloom. 



Lantanas. By lifting the flne EU'gantissiina and 

 potting. It forms an exquisite spring blooming plant. 



Mignonette. For early spring, sow in pots of light, 

 rich soil, which keep in a warm place. 



Orchids generally should be resting, in which case, 

 ess water, a cooler and dryer atmosphere, and more 

 ventilation than when growth is on. Wliere growth 

 is not yet done, do not check, or spot will result. 

 Syringe and water, keeping in view in<tividual needs. 

 Keep everything clean, not overlooking tlie glass. 



Petunias. The treatment for Calceolarias will suit. 



Foinsettias. A temperature of filj* or more is required 

 for best results, also liquid manure twice a week. 



Roses for cut bloom to be syringed twice daily, and 

 to have a temperature of 55** to tiS'' at night. 



Shrobs for forcing, such as Lilacs, Daphnes, Welge- 

 las. Deutzias. Flowering Plum, Spirea, Kalmias, and 

 so on, to be potted by end of month. 



Violet runners and weak shoots to be kept closely 

 pinched off. lifting and potting the forcing plants 

 about the end of the mouth, and giving them an airy 

 frame for a month more. Give all the air possible 

 dm-ing winter, keeping clear of decaying leaves. 



FRUIT GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 



Apples. For winter keeping. Apples ought to re- 

 main on the trees until freezing is threatened, then 

 hand pick, and pack into clean barrels. A cool, dry 

 room is required for storage. Sort the fruit carefully. 



Bins for Fruit. Newonestobe Imiit, and old ones 

 to be cleaned in season. Slake them shallow having a 

 larger number of such. Fruit, except winter Apples 

 and Pears, picked early and binned, will keep longer 

 than that picked late. 



Budded Trees to be exaiidned and prevented from 

 being girdled by the budding ties. 



Cider Making. For best quality let the Apples lie 

 under the tree In the shade, until the Water has evap- 

 orated somewhat. 



Cuttings of Currants Gcwseberrles and Grapes 

 to be put In, having them with three eyes. Plant an 

 inch or two apart In rows, these to be 2^; to 3 feet 

 apart. Set flrinly. with the top eye just even with the 

 surface. Later cover well with leaves or straw, to 

 be removed in the spring. 



Evaporating of Fruit. Give windfalls and culls. 



suitable for drying, dally attention, (iood evaporated 

 fruit will bring money. This fruit .should be thorough- 

 ly cured, but not brittlely dry. It may appear damp 

 and yet be dry enimgh U) keep years. 



Fertilizers. Potash and bone dust are valuable for 

 all small fruit, and can be applied when convenient. 



Grapes. Concords and other thin skinned sorts, to 

 be marketed nearly as soon as ripe. The thick skinned 

 ones will keep well for months. With such, let late 

 use and marketing be taken advantage of. picking 

 carefully, and after leaving In a cool room f<)r several 

 days to toughen the skin, wrap the clusters separately 

 in paper or pack In small boxes, and then store in a 

 dry and cool place. 



Orchard Care. Before the leaves fall, remove dead 

 or diseased branches from the trees, as they present 

 an undue amount of evaporating surface. Pruning 

 this month is believed by many to promote fruitage. 



Pears. Autumn sorts to be picked just before ma- 

 turing; winter ones may be left on trees until In 

 danger of freezing. The latter can go to no better 

 place for keeping well than In a cool cellar, so moist 

 as to prevent slirlvellng. yet dry enough to prevent 

 molding and rotting. 



Strawberries. Planting should be hurried up rapid 

 ly. Keep off runners from plants set this fall. 



Tools. When no longer required repair wherever 

 needed, paint and <dl, then store In a rain-proof build- 

 ing. A good paint for eithe; iron or wood Is formed of 

 boiled Linseed oil, with powdered red lead, adding 

 a little Japan drier. 



THE VEGETABLE GARDEN. 



Asparagus. Cut down when half withered. Clean 

 up tlie bed with a hoe, (spading Is injurious), and apply 

 a four inch coat of half rotten manure. 



Beets t4i be taken up before hard frosts; cut the leaves 

 an Inch from the crown, store in sand or dry earth, in 

 a cool cellar In pits. 



Blanching Celery. A good way to do this is to lift 

 the plants from the ground, leaving a little soil adher 

 ing to the roots. Take common flour (barrels, put about 

 two inches of sand In the bottom, and on this place 

 your Celery in an upright position, one layer to a bar- 

 rel. Put in a cool cellar, cover it with a blanket, an^I 

 In six weeks the Celery will be bleached to the tips. 

 If at any time it seems to be too dry sprinkle lightly. 



Broccoli. See directions below for Cauliflower. 



Cabbage idants, sowed last month, to be pricked into 

 cold frames, putting about ftXJ to a3x 6 sash, setting the 

 plants rather deeply. Frames for this, made of rough 

 boards, to be eight inches high in front and a foot at 

 the rear, with cro.ss rafters and cleats to support and 

 fit close to the sash. 



Carrots. Treat the crop as directed for Beets. 



Cauliflowers. As they approach maturity, shade 

 with paper or by turning down the leaves or by bring- 

 ing the leaves t<)gether at the top and tying. F(»r 

 young plants see directions under Cabbage. 



Chicory for use as salad, to be dug, and st<ired in 

 sand in a dry cool cellar. 



Endive to he blanched when the growth is well 

 along, by gathering up the leaves and tying at the top. 

 Blanching ends its growth. 



Lettuce and Tomato seed sown in a well protected 

 place this month, and covered through winter will give 

 early plants in spring. 



Potatoes to bo well dried, but not unnecessarily 

 exposed to light, even for one day, before storing In 

 perfectly dark bins, not over three feet deep. 



Pumpkins and Squashes, require for winter a cool 

 dry plai-e, secure from frost; a cellar In some respect^s 

 perhaps being better than a house. 



Rhubarb. Treat in general as for Asparagus. 



Spinach. Till well, now that the growth is rapid. 



Sweet Potatoes, Carefully dig before heavy frost, 

 storing in a warm dry place. 



Turnips now Krt>w well; should be kept hoed. 



FRUITS AND VEGETABLES UNDER 

 GLASS. 



Grapery. Afttr tlie fruit is ripe, watering Is Ut be 

 withheld in part, for a while. Later the borders should 

 receive a fall dressing of bone dust, and a thin layer of 

 fresh loam. Houses in which Hamburghs and other 

 thin-skinned kinds are liaiiging must be kej^t di-j* and 

 cool. Remove favdty tjcrrles before they taint their 

 neigJibors. Prune after the crop is removed. 



Lettuce. Plants from seed sown In August, should 

 be set out for the early crop under glass. Six or seven 

 inches each way is enough room. The sash should be 

 entirely off the house, except in the roughest weather, 

 for some time yet. Strew Tobacco stems between the 

 plants, t^) keep down aphis or greenily, which Is the 

 chief enemy to the crop. 



Oranges. Leinons, etc. Keep the trees thoroughly 

 clean by soap sutis. Thin the fruit If necessary. Wat^'r 

 occasionally with manure water 



Parsley for winter use can yet be secured Iiy care 

 fully lifting the plants, and placing them In a cold 

 frame. Four inches apart is a good distance. 



Rhubarb for winter forcing ' j be dug, and stored in 

 a convenient place for getting when wante4i. 



Strawberries. As soon as the young plants In pots 

 show u mat of roots about the ball, shift lu^> sixdncli 

 pots, and plunge In saw-dust or coal ashes outside In 

 an airy place, here to remain until November. 



THE POULTRY YARD. 



Pack Away Dry Dirt. It will be* found of 

 invahmblc serviou at a time when the earth is 

 frozf^n. It not only answers aa a tiiist bath, but 

 keeps the Iloors clean, beintr bettor than sawdust 

 and more easily apidied. I.ay in a troo<l supply. 



Corn Not the Cheapest Food. Corn at (i5 cents 



per busliel, is not cbeajias e^if-produeinjr food, 

 as it does not furnish the proper proportion of 

 the elements contained in an et^j.?. and if fed 

 alone is insufficient and therefore costlv, but 

 when fed an part of the ration, tsprciullv In cold 

 weather, it becomes an excellent aid, supplying: 

 as it does warmth, and helps towani the vol'k of 

 the ej^ff.— Mirror and Fai-nier. 



Chicken Cholera Kemedy. Wc have foiuid 

 the best to be one tc'asi)ooiiful of zinc (Nox 

 vomica) mixed into one (luart of eorn meal and 

 fed to the chiekens. Stufluijjr some of it into the 

 mouths of those that are too far K'nietoeutof 

 their own accord. I ha\e not vet heard of a 

 single failure. That amount ou^jrht to do for ten 

 or twenty chickens for one day. Kepc-at ius often 

 as needed.— D. H. Welch, Douglass Co., Kan. 



Farmers and Fanciers. Farmers sliould realize 

 that there is more money in i>roducinK Ojrifeat 

 2() cents, broilers at -K) cent-*, and ^ood capons at 

 IH cents per pound, than in entering- the well- 

 filled field of fanciers to sell choice e^rg-s at two 

 dollars per sitting-, and K-iiod birds at live dollars 

 per pair. The prices named for the food products 

 may be obtained in any city, and tlie drmaud 

 is beyond the supply yeai- after year and is like- 

 ly to so continue, while fauciei-s find priees 

 fluctuating and uncertain. -National Stockman. 



Attend Them Yourself. It has l>een often 

 demonstrated, by repeated failures, that no one 

 in the jioultry business can delegsite the duty of 

 attending to poultry to others, but must do it 

 himself. To secure a competent man to manage 

 a poultry farm is no easy matter, and nearly all 

 failures result from incompetency. It requires 

 knowledge and intelligenee to maimge a large 

 poultry farm, and quite a salary is required to 

 secure the right kind of a manager. Anv person 

 engaging in the poultry business must be on the 

 grounds at all times. He may have an assistant, 

 and even a foreman and otlier help, but the care- 

 ful and watchful eye of the owner must be over 

 the work.— Farm and Garden. 



Keeping Eggs. Having filled a clean keg or 

 barrel with fresh eggs, cover tlie eggs with cold 

 siilieylic water. The i'}2.ix^ must hr kept down by 

 a few small boards tloatingon the Wiitci-. and the 

 whole covered with L-hith to keeji out dust. If 

 set in a cool airy place, the eggs.so packed will 

 keep fresh for months, but must be used as soon 

 as taken out of the brine. To make the salicylic 

 sohitinii..]issolvesaUeylicacid (which costs about 

 three dollars per pound) in boiling water, (me 

 teaspoon lul of acid to the gallon. It is not nec- 

 essary to boil airthe water, lus the acid will dis- 

 solve in less quantity, and the rest may be added 

 to the solution cold. The solution or brine should 

 at no time come in contact with anv metal.— 

 Scientifie American. 



Hay for Poultry. In wint*^r we cannot, of 

 course, get green grass fipr our fowls, but we 

 can do as we do with our cows when gnuss is 

 "(mt of season"— feed them hay. Some of our 

 readers may laugh at the idea ni feeding liav to 

 fowls, but it is no new notion with many poultry 

 keepers. Late cut rowen is just tis goo(i as any 

 green food you can get for fowls in winter, and 

 any poultij keeper should save a supply "on 

 liurjtose" for his poultry. ( ut prettv fiiie and 

 steamed, this rowen is the next best thing to 

 green grass, and the fowls eat it readilv. Some 

 na\e fed it dry, and claim as good result^ as when 

 wet. One poultry keeper who feeds rowen 

 largely, cuts it, pours hot water over it, lete it 

 stiuid a short time, then mixes with morning 

 feed. -Prairie Farmer. 



Chicken House. My hens are housed in a hirge 

 room, with ground fioor 18 x 18; from this they 

 pass to an apartment is x IH, which is made of 

 slabs and open to sun. Thisis their feeding room; 

 the other, whieh is fitto<l with nests and roosts, 

 has a large window and is well ventilated. No 

 filth is alFowed to accumulate, and the roosts as 

 well as nests are drenched with kerosene once in 

 two weeks. Here they remain an<1 thrixe and 

 lay abundantly from the time green Coosebcriies 

 tempt them until the Grape crop is gathered. 

 Before and after they run lotise. The worst 

 habit our farnni-s have is the neglect of hens in 

 the moulting season. This occurs when feed is 

 scarce about the farms, and when the hen's 

 vitality is tiixe<l. Feed liberally then and they will 

 lay well into winter, and more or less all winter. 

 My hen house hasachimney running up through 

 it and the rooms above, so that I ran heat it in 

 winter. Being a wing of my barn this arrange- 

 ment enables me to have warm water all winter 

 for my animals as well as fowls.— E. V. Powell. 



