38 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



November, 



ZTREmQ MATTER THAT DESERVES 

 TO BE VnDEVY KNOWN. 



Tbe Indiana Florist's 

 Society will hokl tbeii- 

 second annual show in In- 

 dianapolis Nov. 13th to Kith. 

 Forestry Congress. The 

 j\mei-ican and Southern 

 Forestry Congress will 

 meet together Nov. 39th, 

 at Atlanta, GeorKia. 



Besults of Labor. From the wild sour Apple 

 and tlie bitter Almond, came the tender spicy 

 Apple and the luscious Peach.— JVf. P. n'ilder. 



The Tomato Family. At the recent Michigan 

 State Fair, the Stat<; Agricultural College, among 

 other exhibits, had a collection of Tomatoes 

 numbering nearly 1.50 varieties. 



A New Sweet Corn. The Massachusetts Society 

 awarded a first-class certificate of merit to Charles 

 N. Brackett, for his display of " Kuby " Sweet 

 Corn, a kind with dark red husks, which was or- 

 namental to say the Iciist, but of its merit for table 

 use no re|>oit was given. 



The State Horticultural Society, of Indiana, 

 held its semi-aimual meeting at Indianapolis, 

 Sept. lilth, with its exhibition in connection with 

 the State Fair. New fruits of many varieties 

 were shown. Dee. .'ith, 1888, is the date for the 

 next meeting in the same city. 



Horticulture for the South. J. M. Howell said 

 recently before the Texas Society: Southern 

 people must abandon large farms, because labor 

 cannot be obtained, and population is increasing. 

 With approved methods of culture, one acre can 

 be made to produce as much as ten did before. 



Burr or Mossy-Cup Oak (yjio-cits macrocarita). 

 This Oak is one of the most picturesque of the 

 species, and is highly prized by foreign growers. 

 In fact, most of the European Oaks are inferior to 

 our natives, which are not appreciated by us as 

 fully as they deserve.— H. W. S. Clevrland, hi-firre 

 the Minnrsiita HorticuUural Society. 



A Mammoth. A Stump, the World Peach 

 shown on the tables of the Cherokee County 

 exhibit, at the East Texas Horticultural Fair, 

 grown by Mr. Foreman, of Rusk County, 

 weighed one and a quarter pounds; the fact is 

 also well attested that the same tree produced 

 the most remarkable crop of fifteen bushels of 

 Peaches at the same time. 



Peaches for Texas, At a recent Texas State 

 meeting, Mr. Hogan said that with the exception 

 of the Peen-to varieties, all kinds of Peaches suc- 

 ceed in Texas. At this meeting also the follow- 

 ing list of fourteen was compiled, as the most 

 desirable varieties for the State: Crawfoi-d's 

 Lat«, Old Mixon Cling, Alexander, Columbia, 

 Heath's Cling, Crawford's Early, Chinese Cling, 

 St. John, Old Mixon Free, Biberta, Rivers, 

 Amelia, Pioquett's Late, Lemon Cling. 



New Names; Old Plants. The renaming of 

 plants must not be overlooked. We must hold 

 inviolate and sacred the right of any man or 

 woman, to name the plant through whose skill, 

 patience and care it has been produced; and not 

 only that, but we must by the moral force of this 

 society, render secure his or her right and title 

 in the same forever. No one has the right, either 

 through caprice or malice, to change or attach 

 any other name save that given by its dissem- 

 inator.— PresJdcnf Hill'f Attdirss. 



Lawn Making and Watering. During a dis- 

 cussion on Ornamental Gardening before the 

 Michigan State Society's meeting, Mr. W. W. 

 Tracy said: The rule is to smooth down the dirt 

 from the cellar excavation, lay some turf, and 

 then giving just water enough to keep the grass 

 green. This method is always disappointing in 

 the end. Prepare the soil deeply and seed it. 



When watering give a thorough soaking to in- 

 duce the roots to go down below the surface; 



this renders the lawn able to resist drouth. 



Golden Beauty Plum. Appearance handsome, 

 skin rich, golden yellow, very thin, and of a trans- 

 parent appearance, in which innumerable small 

 dots of a lighter shade of yellow present a peculiar 

 resemblance to small air bubbles. The veins in 

 the flesh near the stem are also visible through 

 the skin. Fruit smooth, roundish oblong, one 

 and one eighth inches in short diameter; tlesh 

 golden yellow, firm, rich, sweet, and of excellent 

 flavor; free stone; pit very small. Valuable 

 where it will produce well.— G. L. Taber. 



Potato Blight. About June 20th, there were 

 several heavy showers following an extended 

 drouth; immediately after the rain I noticed 

 small spots of rust on the leaves, and they con- 

 tinued to grow larger until the leaf was de- 

 stroyed; then the vine became affected and died 

 prematurely. All the Potatoes in this locality 

 were affected after reaching a certain stage of 

 growth. My land had been pastured for several 

 years, and plowed the previous fall. The plants 

 were vei-y promising when the disease struck 

 them. — Wm. Ljjnn, Minncapalw, before the Min- 

 nei«ita State Soeietij. 



Something New Among Boses. At the July 

 meeting of the Belgian Botanical Society, there 

 was gi\en an account fif a supposed new species 

 of Tea Rose, discovered by General Collett on 

 the mountains of Birmah. The pure white 

 flower is five inches in diameter, and differs from 

 the common Rosa chinensis Jaeq. iR. iiiiKca, 

 Aiict.) by its single flowered inflorescence, entire 

 outer sepals, unarmed floriferous axis, and large 

 size, being called by Collett, according to M. 

 Crepin, who described it to the Society, Rosa 

 gigantea. It may prove to be only a rare variety 

 of R. chinensis, but cultivators would do well to 

 look after it.— Gardoier'.s Cttrrinick. 



Warding oif Orape Rot. Reference has been 

 made to the system of training the Grape vine, 

 which I adopted to counteract Grape rot. I cut 

 the vine down to the ground after fruiting, and 

 the new canes of the subsequent growth produce 

 the next fruit. It is a system that tides the Grape 

 over until the rot crisis has passed. The vine 

 must be in a healthy condition; the number of 

 canes of course depending upon the strength of 

 the root. Leave but two clusters on a lateral; 

 pushing the fruit by every means to a robust 

 and early maturity. Whether these results are 

 attainable with other varieties than the Concord, 

 or on various soils is not known.— Pi-o/. Hawn, 

 to ttie Leavenworth Cn. (Kan.) Society. 



Summer Florists' Houses. One half of the 

 growei-s' houses stand empty from the first of 

 June to the end of September. If these were 

 planted with young vigorous stock, thousands of 

 extra d oUars would find the pockets of producers. 

 The Rose is not the only flower that should re- 

 ceive attention. We want variety, and the mar- 

 ket is entirely barren of good flowers at this 

 season of the year. Why not grow a few of our 

 choice varieties of Carnations, as Buttercup, 

 Grace Wilder, Grace Farden, and others. Long- 

 stemmed blossoms of these kinds sell readily at 

 fair prices. The list might be extended to in- 

 clude many kinds not considered heretofore, 

 from the mistaken idea that they would not pay. 

 —F. F. Benthey, before the Chicayo Florist Club. 



Georgia Horticultural Society. The Georgia 

 State Horticultural Society convened at Thomas- 

 ville, on August 1st.; many instructive essays 

 were read, including those of Prof. Willet of 

 Macon, on the " Hybernating of Insects; " Dr. 

 Samuel Hope, on " Apples in the South; " Prof. 

 J. J. Newman, on " Horticultural Education," 

 and Mr. J. D. Husted, of Vineyard, on " Best 

 Methods of Obtaining New Fruits, etc." This is 

 a strong organization, and the President, Hon. 

 P. J. Berckmans, of Augusta, is one of the most 

 scientific and progressive horticulturists in the 

 United States, being also president of the Ameri- 

 can Pomoiogical Society. The exhibition of 

 fruit was a credit to the Society as well as the 

 State. President Berckmans and Secretary T. L. 

 Kinsey were re-elected. An interesting incident 

 was the presentation of a costly gift to Col. Kin- 

 sey, which was a just tribute to a faithful and 

 efficient officer. The Society will hold' its next 

 meeting at GrifHn, Ga. 



Massachusetts Horticulttiral Society. Re- 

 cently at a regular Saturday Exhibition, a feature 

 was several large collections of Sweet Peas. The 

 finest flowers in twelve unnamed varieties were 

 shown by Mr. Charles Francis Adams, of Quincy. 

 M. B. Faxon, Boston, staged twenty-five named 

 varieties, of which the finest were Black Purple, 

 with nearly black flowers; Butterfly, light, clear 

 lilac; Painted Lady, pink and white, and Invin- 

 cible, dark, clear scarlet, and the handsomest 

 flower in the collection. Many of the newer 

 varieties give evidence that too much attention 

 has been given to the development of large 

 flowers at the expense of clearself colors. Sweet 

 Peas are now great favorites with the public. 

 At a later meeting Horace Eaton contributed 

 eighteen varieties of Plums grown in New Eng- 

 land, the largest display made for twenty years. 

 There is a growing interest in the cultivation of 



Plums in New England; though this year the 

 black knot has done great injury. 



The Association for the Promotion of Window 

 Gardening, of Boston, Mass., held an exhibition 

 the middle of September, of much interest. The 

 superior condition of the plants over the show of 

 last year, showed the progress and good elf ects of 

 this needed work. The increased attendance, as 

 also the many cultivators, give promise of much 

 greater future results. The display consisted of 

 almost two hundred potted plants, and cut 

 flower collections numbering over a hundred. 

 An admirably arranged collection of wild flowers 

 of two score varieties, by Mr. Coburn, attracted 

 attention. There some seventy gratuities 

 to various exhibitors were presented by the com- 

 mittee, while nine members displayed plants 

 which were worthy of special mention. Exhibits 

 in different localities of the city were held during 

 the season, an especially successful one being at 

 Roxbin-y. The committee furnishes plants to 

 those desiring them, at cost and free delivery to 

 some central point for distinbution. 



Culture of Gooseberries. 



IRead before the Ontario Fi-uit Growers^ Association 

 by B. Oott, ofArkonu.] 



The soils best suited to successful Goose- 

 berry growing, have been touncl to be thor- 

 oughly drained, rich, and deeply worked, 

 clay loam. These qualities of soil are im- 

 perative, as the plant is very impatient 

 either of excessive dryness or heat. This is 

 one of the chief causes why success with it 

 is so uncertain in our climatic conditions. 



Culture. But with a moderate amount of 

 protection from dryness and heat, the success of 

 Gooseberry growing, from improved American 

 seedlings, is assured. To secure these con- 

 ditions, location must be skillfully used. The 

 young plants at two years old.will be fine, strong, 

 and well-rooted, whose after-growth will be 

 rapid; carefully planted in ground, preriously 

 well prepared, and marked off four feet apart 

 each way. This planting gives 2,725 plants to the 

 acre, and will give satisfaction to the workers 

 and pickei-s, and if every plant grows it will 

 make a fine plantation after the first year's 

 growth. The ground must be kept stirred, by 

 means of a one-horse cultivator, between the 

 rows both ways, and not a weed allowed to be 

 seen. The young bushes make extraordinary 

 growth of young, thrifty wood, and the set of 

 fruit buds will be astonishing, repaying all the 

 care lavished upon them. In Gooseberry grow- 

 ing, as in every other kind of fruit culture, if 

 one would wish to reap the highest result, un- 

 ceasing vigilance and constant application must 

 be certainly and freely given. 



Pruning. The annual pruning consists in 

 shortening the summer's growth to a moderate 

 extent, and thinning out the crowding shoots. 

 This operation is generally and best done in the 

 early summer, as the growth of wood and fruit 

 buds, on that which is left, will be so much better 

 and more encouraging to the grower. After the 

 wood has borne fruit some three or four years, 

 and becomes old and feeble, cut it entirely out 

 and the young growth encouraged in its place. 

 This renewing is very important in all pruning 

 for fruitfulness. We have known a Gooseberry 

 plantation to be profitable after having been 

 fruited for 20 or 25 years, but we do not advise 

 this kind of thing; we believe that the best results 

 come from young and vigorous plants, as in 

 other fruits, and would adrtse changing the 

 plantation after ten years' service, as young 

 plants are produced so cheaply, that there is no 

 economy in running a plantation after its 

 prime has passed. 



Enemies. The ordinary enemies of the Goose- 

 berry are insects, mildews, and blights. The 

 most common insects are the Goosebeiry saw- 

 fly, {Nematus ventrtcosus), and also the Goose- 

 berry worm, iPempelia gros.^ilaria>. The first of 

 these insects is hatched early in May, and so 

 numerous do they become that they will com- 

 pletelydefoliate an entire plantatlon.unless given 

 an application of white hellebore or Paris green, 

 which will stop their ravages and save the crop. 

 This insect is not nearly so abundant or destruc- 

 tive as formerly. The worm insect mentioned, 

 was also a threatening scourge, but its numbers 

 are less, and it may disappear from our Goose- 

 berry bushes altogether. After hatching, the 

 worm eats its way to the inside of the berry, 

 and devours the coutents. Then immediately 



