1889. 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



89 



ciliatum, eaudatum, cuneiitum, ouneatum 

 grandiceps, gi'acilliinura, dolabriforme, decorum, 

 t. farleyense. mundiiUim, pubescens, Roenbeckii, 

 and Williamsii; A^^jiUUnnt sodida andtrifoliatum; 

 Asplenium Belangcri; DaveUia Mooreana, U'liui- 

 folia strietaand hirta; l>icl<so)iia Davalliodesand 

 resrale; Pnlypndium aureum; Pteris serrulata, 

 cretica alba lineata, palmata, nobilis, ar^ryrea, 

 tremula, Sieboldii, and serrulata cristata major; 

 0"|/c)iii(ni Japonicum; Nephrokpls Davallioides 

 furcans, exaltata, reetinata and Duffli; Ncphri)- 

 dium Imraer-sum and F. ni. eristata. 



CONDENSED GLEANINGS. 



Concerning Arbor-Vitse. Though its nati\e 

 place is swamps and low grounds, it has learned 

 to accommodate itself to most of our wants, ex- 

 cept that of growing imder the shade of trees. 

 Indeed, in our garden culture, it seems to'prefer 

 a high and dry place to a low and wet one. One 

 of its best offices is to serve as a screen from un- 

 sightly buildings or objects. It occupies little 

 room, seldom extending more than two or 

 three feet, and though it grows up tolerably 

 rapidly it keeps itself clothed with branches 

 close to the ground and is very hardy. For 

 hedges to mark boundaries we have nothing so 

 cheap or tractable. Vegetable and fruit gar- 

 dens would be especially benefited by tall 

 Arbor-Vita? around them particularly where 

 early spring vegetables are aimed at, being often 

 as good as two weeks added to the earliness of 

 the crops. As single specimens on a lawn there 

 are few things that will command more respect 

 than a well grown Arbor- Vitjc. To be well 

 grown means to ha>e a good open place all to 

 itself and to have only one good leader allowed 

 to grow. \Vhen several shoots are permitted to 

 grow up together the time will come when rain, 

 or snow, or winds will separate them, and then 

 the beauty of the Arbor-Vitie is gone forever; 

 but keep one leader and the plant's beauty is 

 not only maintained for years but is annually 

 added to.— Germantown Telegraph. 



A Carious Strawberry Growth. The so-called 

 Strawberry is not a berry at all, and, except in a 

 very loose sense, not even a fruit. In point of 

 fact, the true fruits in the Strawberry are the 

 little dry pips commonly but erroneously called 

 seeds, and which spring from and are more or 

 less imbedded in the fleshy end of the flower stalk. 

 On most plants the flower stalk or axis, after 

 having given origin to the several parts of the 

 flower, ceases to grow, and disappears from 

 sight; but in the Strawberry it swells out into 

 that delicious succulent mass which is so nice 

 that the partaker heeds not for a moment the 

 botanical pedant who tells him that it is not and 

 could not be a berry. That it is really the dilated 

 top of the flower stalk is, however, shown on 

 ^■arious grounds which it is unnecessary Ut dis- 

 cuss. Suffice it to say it is the office of a stalk to 

 produce leaves, leaf-buds, shoots or flowers, or 

 all of them, as the case may be; and in the illus- 

 tration wc have three or four such buds spring- 

 ing from the sides of a Strawberry, and one of 

 them so perfectly organized as to have not only 

 leaves (A) but adventitious roots (») the com- 

 mencement of a rimner (c), and a terminal 

 flower.— Gardener's Chronicle. 



The Violet Disease Bemedy. At this period 

 of the year that dire fungoid disease begins to 

 assert itself among the Violets which have been 

 grown for winter blooming, and it needs no 

 practiced eye to detect the spotted leaves, the 

 forerunners of complete destruction. No one 

 can account for this disease which has rendered 

 Violet growing almost a failure. It no doubt 

 was encouraged by the custom of propagating 

 plants from the parent plants which had been 

 grown in a high temperature for winter bloom- 

 ing. In this way the vitality was lessened until 

 the disease found an enfeebled race of plants 

 with no strength to resist. Many remedies have 

 been tried with slight success. This season the 

 writer experimented with air-slaked Ume, dust- 

 ing the plants over with the lime when any ap- 

 pearance of the disease had been noted, and in 

 consequence the spots have entirely disappeared. 

 It is a nice thing to use no manure in the soil 

 where Violets are planted; good strong loam 

 possesses all the essential food elements, with- 

 out the addition of manure, which seems to favor 

 the development of the disease.— Am. Cultivator. 



The Meaning of Substitution. The follomng 

 instructions are posted up in fhe packing room 

 of a certain establishment for the employees who 

 fill catalogue orders. After noting this it would 

 seem largely an " error " for a customer to get 



ij^< 



5^. 



even one variety ordered true to name. For Perle 

 des Jardins give Saf rano, Jean Pernet, M. Margot- 

 tin, Isabella Sprunt or Marie Van Houtte. For 

 Duchess Edinburgh, either Mme.de Vatry, Aline 

 Sislcy or Souv. de David. For The Bride give 

 ("els Tea, C. Cook, Bella or Mile. Rachel. Substi- 

 tute for Mabel Morrison, Couquette des Blanches, 

 Olga Marix or Perfection des Blanches. We are 

 informed that this list is changed from time to 

 time to suit the stock on hand, so that they are 

 always able to " fill complete " any order received. 

 Let us no longer dally with this matter, but act 

 decisively. The substituter is a criminal guilty 

 of obtaining money under false pretenses, and 

 should be punished. If the trade or the National 

 Society of Florists would crush out this practice 

 let them take legal action in every case where 

 conclusive proof can be obtained. Fear of the 

 consequences would 

 then deter those who 

 have lost all sense of 

 honor.— Amer,' Florist. 

 The Chinese Pumpkin. 

 We have a new vegeta- 

 ble which no seedsman 

 has ever advertised, 

 that is called the Chi- 

 nese Pumpkins. It was 

 brought here in 1870 by 

 a Chinese cooUe and 

 Transplanting Large Trees, ^as given to US. Its Chi- 

 nese name I forgot, but 

 in describing it he said "Punkee," and Chinese 

 Pumpkin it has been ever since. It often weighs 

 25 pounds, has a vine resembling the Cucumber; 

 and flower like a Pumpkin, but one half as large. 

 The young fruit borne very proliflcally which is 

 covered with stiff bristles, fall off as the plants 

 grow larger; when the fruit is half grown it has 

 a thick covering of white powder, resembling 

 whitewash, that rubs off easily, but when the 

 fruit is ripe but very little powder remains. It 

 is a light gi'een, soUd color, and greatly resembles 

 a Watermelon, with a rind similar, tender flesh 

 very white. When cooked with sugar or molas- 

 ses it tastes much like Watermelon preserves. 

 Stewed, with some acid added, it makes a fair 

 substitute for gi'een Grape pie.— Southern Live 

 Stock Journal. 



How to Choose Fruit Trees. In selecting fruit 

 trees for a home supply one may choose the best 

 varieties irrespective of api>earance or yield, for 

 the popular and most salable fruits are not by any 

 means always of the best quality, and produc- 

 tiveness is preferred before quality in market 

 sorts. The same is true of small fruits, of which 

 the finest are either too soft for shipping or not 

 sufliciently productive. But for selling, one kind 

 only will be preferable. In Pears, the fruit of a 

 certain orchard of 2,00(1 Duchess has always solil 

 at iirices M per cent in advance of the market, be- 

 cause the fruit could be gracled evenly in quality 

 and packed sei>arately. An orchard of Newtown 

 Pipi>in Apples has its crop engaged in advance 

 for ten yeai-s on a regular contract, and another 

 of Northern Spy is under contract in the same 

 way. Had these orchards been made up of 20 or 

 more different kinds the product would had to 

 have been pe<ldled abi>ut.— New York Times. 



How to Grow the Bennett Bose. It has been 

 found that two-year-old plants almost in\ariably 

 produce better flowers and have a stronger and 

 more rapid growth than yearlings. . In many of 

 the large Bose establishments the houses are re- 

 planted each year, and the Bennett should be 

 treated on the same plan, except that, with the 

 majority of varieties, young stock struck during 

 the preceding winter should be planted; but 

 the Bennett may about March be lifted out of 

 the beds in which they have been growing for 

 one season and potted up into such pots as the 

 size of the plants may require, and the plants 

 grown afterward in the same manner as young 

 stock, until the usual planting season arrives, 

 when they should be planted in fresh soil. It is 

 not advisable to use the same plants after the 

 second year. A temperature of about 50° has 

 given satisfaction.— Garden and Forest. 



Errors in Landscape Gardening,— The object 

 of the so-called landscape-gardener in many 

 cases seems to be to have as many walks as possi- 

 ble where not needed; to plant trees and shrubs 

 in inappropriate places; to use as many jilants as 

 possible, without regard to suitability. Itissure- 

 ly worth the attention not only of those engaged 

 in the business, but of gentlemen who have 

 country houses, for everyone doing such work 

 should at least consider the fundamental features 

 of landscape art. There can be no stereotype 

 plans for the embellishment of grounds; each 



domain calls for different treatment. The natural 

 surroundings should be the first consideration, 

 and not ignored, and yet with all this malpractice, 

 and although we have but few good works which 

 treat the subject in a right manner, it is evident 

 that we are slowly progressing. 



Transplanting Large Trees. This operation 

 is performed in the winter while the ground is 

 frozen. Considerable of the earth is removed 

 from around the outside before frost, care being 

 taken not to disturb the roots any more than is 

 absolutely necessary, the amount of earth left 

 depending upon the size of the trees, and when 

 frozen hard enough to stand moving, the 

 apparatus (consisting of a swing made of scant- 

 ling to which the tree is lashed and then a stone 

 boat to be reached by the mass of earth) is ap- 

 plied as suggested by the illustration and the 

 tree well protected after it reaches its new home 

 which is of course prepared before the ground 

 freezes. The size of the arms of the standards 

 is governed by the weight they must sustain and 

 for very large trees guy ropes will have to be 

 used.— Orange Judd Farmer. 



Where Pampas Flumes Grow. Pampas Grass, 

 bearing plumes, are in Southern California cul- 

 tivated as a profitable industry, producing large 

 bunches of silvery plumes, which always find a 

 ready market. Santa Barbara has until lately 

 been the only producer of this ornamental Grass, 

 but now nui-sery men of other sections have 

 given their attention to the cultivation of the 

 Pampas for export. The plumes are harvested 

 in September by carefully cutting the stalks, and 

 are then sun dried for several days, when they 

 are ready for shipping. Aside from gathering 

 the plumes, there is little expense attached to 

 this industry, and an acre of land will produce 

 $250 worth. A constant market is found for 

 these, dyed with various hues, in the Eastern 

 States and Europe.— American (Cal.) Paradise. 



Beplanting an Old Orchard. The trees were 

 36 feet apart each way, and we reset by planting 

 in the center of each four trees, and wherever 

 any had died we planted another, flrst digging up 

 the old stump and getting out all the old roots. 

 For each of the young trees we spaded a space 

 eight feet square, planted our tree in the cen- 

 ter, and then kejjt the ground loose for three or 

 four years after planting, by digging around it. I 

 never saw trees grow more thrifty on fresh land. 

 I have tried jilowing old orchards, but without 

 good results, as it appears to make the soil so 

 loose that many of the trees blew up by the roots, 

 so that to destroy the weeds and grass under and 

 about the trees I mulch with coarse manure, old 

 straw. Corn stalks, or almost anything that will 

 cover the ground.— National Stockman. 



Success with Cottonwood Cuttings. Of cut- 

 tings ten inches long, taken in the spring from 

 the last year's growth Iiefore the buds have e.v- 

 pandeil, a large per cent will grow. If cut any 

 lengi h of time cover with water for one or two 

 weeks, then jilant, taking care not to let the cut- 

 tings get dry. Set in ground perpendicularly, 

 all being buried but 

 one or two buds, 

 ^uT which should not get 



>''^U^ covered. A great 

 '^ i^^=s^ deal depends on the 

 '-^^^ season— if wet, nearly 

 all will live; if dry a 

 large per cent die. In 

 planting use a spade, 

 go down its full 

 length; put in the cut- 

 ting and press down 

 the earth around it 

 firmly. — Farmer's 

 Review. 



Plant Growing in 

 Frames. Those flor- 

 ists who grow bedding 

 plants and have but 

 little frame room, 



, „ . „. , „ ,. should employ an in- 

 A Curtou. StrarvberniGrou^ll, ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^ ^^^ 



only is their value gre^t for relieving the over- 

 crowded greenhouses in early t-pring, but plants 

 grown in them are much more stocky, and will 

 give far bett<?r satisfaction. This is especially 

 noticeable with Geraniums, and we hope that 

 those florists who have been (growing those "■ long 

 drawn (mt" specimens, will adopt this method 

 and have for sale the coming spring plants which 

 have less length of leaf-stem.— American Florist. 



Proper Care of Baspberries. Last fall I 

 mulched my Raspberries heavily with long 

 manure, and in the spring after raking off the 



