176 



POPULAR GARDENING SUPPLEMENT. 



in the cities than elsewhere, owing to its 

 depredations, often severe on street and 

 other shade trees, and calling for the com- 

 mon but questionable remedy of cotton 

 bands about the trunks. In color it pre- 

 sents the rich and varying diversity of 

 cream yellow, (sometimes changing to 

 white), velvety black and browmish spots, 

 stripes and brush-like hairs, with a coral 

 red head. There are also two long plumes 

 of black hair rising from the head and a 

 similar one from the last dorsal joint. 



Bern. 43. Arsenical Poisons. Same as 15. "Ion- 

 don purple, as already shown," says Professor Ri- 

 ley, in a recent report, " is perhaps preferable to 

 white arsenic or Paris green, in that it is not so 

 liable to burn the leaves, whUe Its color enables 

 one to readily distinguish poisoned from non- 

 poisoned trees. Moreover it is very cheap. 

 From one-quai-ter to three-quarters of a pound 

 of this substance and three quarts of cheap or 

 damaged flour, to render the mixtui-e adhesive 

 and to lessen the tendency of the poison to burn 

 the leaves, should be used to a barrel of water. 

 The greater quantity of the poison may prove 

 too strong for delicate young trees, and it wUl 

 be best for general application to make the 

 amount from three-eighths to one-half pound 

 to the barrel. An apparatus for appljing can 

 be readily constructed, such as has been used on 

 the grounds of tlie Department. It should con- 

 sist of a water tank mounted on a cart and fur- 

 nished with a strong force pump, operated by 

 one man and furnished with two sets of rubber 

 tubing, each supported by a bamboo extension 

 pole (Figure 3), with a cyclone nozzle at tip. 

 With such an apparatus as this three men could 

 drive along the streets and thoroughly spray 

 two trees simultaneously, while if it were found 

 advisable, four independent tubes and four men 

 to work them could be employed, with a suflic- 

 iently powerful pump, and thus expedite the 

 work. 



Rem. 44. Destmction of tlie Orgyia Eggs. This, 

 Prof. Lintner suggests, may be accomplished to 

 a great extent with moderate labor. During 

 June and later, and especially late in fall and 

 during winter, the egg-masses may be seen as 

 glistening, sUghtly woven white objects, becom- 

 ing weather-woni after long exposure, and often 

 occurring in patches of a dozen or more. They 

 may be met on the trunks or larger branches of 

 trees— a favorite location being where limbs are 

 cut— in the corners of angles about fences, un- 

 der window sills, etc. Children prove ready col- 

 lectors for a small reward. Those out of arm's 

 reach can be removed with a scraper prepared 

 for the purpose. To show how efl'ective may be 

 this means of preventing the Caterpillar's ap- 

 pearance, it may be said that over 700 eggs of 

 these have been counted in a single egg-mass. 



Rem. is. Cotton Baiicb. The indiscriminate use 

 of these, says our able State Entomologist, Prof. 

 J. A. Lintner, in his last report, must be con- 

 demned for the Orgyia. They may be of serrice, 

 and they may be decidedly objectionable, from 

 the fact that the attack, in almost every in- 

 stance, proceeds from the eggs deposited the pre- 

 ceding year upon tlic tree. If, therefore. Remedy 

 43 could be applied with the certainty that no 

 egg clusters are upon the tree, then a band ap- 

 pUed would prevent any wandering Caterpillars 

 from ascending its trunk. But with the eggs or 

 the young larvfe being already upon the tree, 

 the band will prove a positive evil, in prevent- 

 ing migration to other feeding ground. The 

 barriers, too, prevent the mature Caterpillars 

 from descending to the rougher bark of the 

 lower part of the trunk, in the crevices of which 

 they prefer to build their cocoons, and would 

 conflne them to the tree, where it would be diflB- 

 oult to discover the egg-clusters, and destroy 

 them. 



Rem. 46. WarUpon the English SpaiTows. Our 

 troublesome English sparrows not only decline 

 to eat this Caterpillar, but by force of numbers 

 and their pugnacious dispositions they drive 

 away the few birds that would feed upon them. 

 Of such, according to Prof. Lintner, there are 

 but the four named under Remedy 47. 



Rem. 47. Birds. Of these but four species that 

 destroy this Caterpillar are known, namely: the 

 Robin, the Baltimore Oriole, the black-bUled 

 Cuckoo, and the yellow-billed Cuckoo. 



Celery Fly. For preventing the ravages of 

 this pest the following remedies may be of 

 use: 



Rem. 48. .'ioluble Phemjle. By syringing the 



! plants with a very dilute mixture of this drug, 

 and water, the insect may be checked. 



Rem. 49. Gas Lime. This applied freshly in 

 the autumn to the ground to be planted the next 

 year, incorporating it a few Inches deep, will kill 

 the pupic of the fly. 



Celery Worm. Treat as directed for Cab- 

 bage Worm or for Sphinges, which see. 



Cherry and Pear Tree Slug. The Cherry 

 and Pear tree slug is two brooded. The 

 black tlies come in May, lay eggs on the 



Fig. 12. Cherry and Pear Tree Slugs at Work, 

 Remedies 45, 47. 



leaves of the trees, and the larvae or slugs, 

 which are brown and slimy, feed upon the 

 cuticle of the leaves. A second brood comes 

 in September. 



Bern. 50. Road Dust, Ashes, or Air-Slaked 

 Lime.— I know (Professor Cook) by actual trial 

 that road dust thrown on to these slugs mil 

 sometimes drive them all from the trees. I also 

 know that at other times it will apparently do 

 httle or no good. Whether this arises from the 

 vaiying character of the earth or a different 

 condition of the insect, I do not know. 



Rc7n. 51. Pyre(h™morB!(6ac;i— Same as Rem- 

 edy 36. We have used, always with perfect sat- 

 isfaction, using a Woodason dust bellows. 



Rem. 52. Lirfltid Hellebore. One pound of Hel- 

 lebore powder to twenty-five or thirty gallons of 

 water, finely sprayed over the atfected trees or 

 bushes, is one of the best and most easily ap- 

 plied remedies. The Hellebore kills not only by 

 contact but also by being eaten. Hence Profes- 

 sor I-ilntner finds that the addition of a small 

 quantity of flour to the water gives it greater 

 adhesiveness and worth, over a longer period. 

 Rem. 53. Kerosene Emulsion. Same as 6. 

 Cherry Worm. See Curculio. 

 Cnrysanthemum Lice. See Aphis, or Plant 

 Lice. 

 Coccus. See Bark Lice, or Coccus. 

 Coal Tar. See Remedies 7, 32, 137. 

 Codling Moth. See Apple Worm. 

 Corn or Boll Worm. (HcUothis armigera). 

 This pest, so destrutive to the Cotton 

 and Corn-fields of the Southern States, 

 has in recent years made its appearance 

 as an injurious insect in the Nortii. Fig- 

 ure 14 represents the worm at about its 

 ordinary size. It not only attacks grow- 

 ing Corn, devouring the soft kernels in 

 patches, but also bores into the fruit and 

 stems of the Tomato; it eats into the 

 pods of Peas and Beans, and burrows 

 into Squashes, Peppers, Pumpkins, as 

 well as into the stem of Gladiolus, etc. 



Rem. 54. Uand-pich- 

 Ing. Experience in the 

 South has shown that 

 if the first brood of the 

 Caterpillars are col- 

 lected and destroyed 

 their ravages may be 

 controlled. Their pres- 

 ence can be discovered 

 either when at work on 

 the surface, or else, as 

 in the case of Corn, by 

 the holes eaten into the 

 husks. 



Rem. bb. Attracting by Odors and Drowning. 

 Where the Insect occurs abundantly it is very 

 successfully dealt with by attracting the moth 

 to a mixture of molasses and vinegar. The 

 odor, it is said, will draw them quite a distance, 

 and in their attempts to feed they readily be- 

 come caught and drown. 



Copperas or Blue Vitriol Water. (56). A 

 solution of Blue Vitriol (Sulphate of Cop- 

 per) iu the proportion of one ounce to a pail 



of water, will serve to kill many feinds of 

 grubs, maggots, etc., in the soil, and of 

 small caterpillars on plants. 



Cucumber Beetle. (Diabrotica vittata.) 

 This is a well-known small striped beetle 

 that troubles Cucumbers, Squashes, and 

 Melons, making its appearance as soon as 

 the leaves begin to expand, and a number 

 of broods are produced during the course of 

 the season. It is to the young plants that 

 the Insect is most injurious, and the great 

 secret in dealing with it is to begin the 

 treatment positively in advance of the in- 

 sect's appearance. 



Rem. 57. Plaster or Ashes, etc., and Kerosene. 

 To two quartos of plaster, wood ashes, or flour of 

 bone, add one tablespoonful of kerosene, rub- 

 bing the mixture between the hands until the 

 oil is well distributed. Sift or hand sprinkle 

 this over the plants as soon as the first leaves ap- 

 pear, repeating it a few times until all are 

 through the ground, and also later if this be re- 

 quired. 



Rem. 58. Arsenical Poisons (which see.) Apply- 

 ing a little when the vines are dry. 



Curculio, or Weevil, of the Plum, Apricot, 

 Cherry, etc. (Conotmchclus). This is the 

 greatest enemy of the Plum and some other 

 stone fruits, while also affecting the Apple 

 and other kinds. Within a 

 few years especially serious 

 damage has been done to 

 Apples. Its attacks are fol- 

 lowed by great deformity 

 in the fruit. The Apples 

 are often stung many times 

 and become so gnarled, dis- 

 torted, and scarred as to be 

 wholly worthless. From ob- 

 servations made the past 

 season, I believe the Apples 

 will suffer attack very rarely 

 if Plum trees are scattered liberally among 

 the Apple trees. In this case the Weevils 

 will attack their favorite, the Plum, and so 

 the Apples will go free. If this prove in- 

 variably true, as it has in several cases which 

 have come under my observation the past 

 season, then it will pay doubly well to plant 

 the Plum trees. The Plums will protect 

 the Apples, and by jarring, the Plums may 

 be saved and the fruit grower will secure 

 good crops of both fruiis. Dr. Harris says 

 that the Cherry Worm, which is very com- 

 mon in this fruit, is identical with the Plum 

 Curculio, but unlike the effects of the Insect 

 on the Plum, it does not cause the Cherry 

 to drop prematurely to the ground. 



Rem. 59. Jarring Process. This is a simple 

 and adequate remedy within the means of every- 



Fig. 14. Curculio 

 Beetle stinging 

 a Plum previ- 

 ous to laying 

 its eggs. 



Fig. 14. The Corn or 

 Boll Woiin. 



Fig. 15. Popular Gardening's Non-Patented Curculio 

 Catcher. 



one's employing. It consists of spreading cloth 

 sheets, or frames of some form covered with 

 cloth, under the tree, jarring the tree sharply by 

 striking on an inserted spike or on the stump of 

 a lower limb removed for the purpose. An ex- 

 cellent device of our own for this purpose is il- 

 lustrated in Fig. 15. The cloth at the near end of 

 the frame is attached to a single light strip of 

 board, while at the center of the entire area it is 

 di\'ided into two parts, the further end of each 

 being attached to a short cross piece, which in 

 turn is supported by one arm of a light frame, 

 as shown in the figure. The two further cross 

 pieces are one foot apart at B to admit of bringing 



