POPULAR GARDENING SUPPLEMENT. 



/ / 



the frame under the tree, with its center and main 

 cross arm resting against the trunk during the 

 jarring. A flap of cloth. A, extends from one of 

 the projecting parts to the other, to be raised 

 and again let down in adjusting the frame. Con- 

 cerning the jarring operation, this should be be- 

 gun as soon as the insect commences its work, 

 which is soon after the fruit is set. The work of 

 the insect may easily be detected by the small 

 cresent-shaped mark that is left on the fruit. 

 The jarring process need not necessarily be per- 

 formed early in the morning while the dew is on, 

 or late in the afternoon. The insect will not so 

 readily let go its hold, as when it is actually at 

 work, and this is not until the dew has dried off 

 and the atmosphere has become warm. The num- 

 ber of times that an orchard should be gone over 

 depends upon the varieties. Those that become 

 hard and downy soon, like Richmond, Lombard, 

 Beine Claude, etc., require much less jarring 

 than large, smooth kinds like Pond Seedling, 

 TeUow Egg, Coc's Golden Drop, etc. It should 

 be repeated daily for one week, and then at in- 

 tervals of a day or so between, so long as the in- 

 sect remains at work. 



Rem. 60. Poisoninahtj using the arsenical pois- 

 on of number 15, spraying the trees, Weir says: 

 First, just before the blossom buds open; second, 

 two weeks after the petals fall. If a weak, soapy 

 kerosene emulsion is used at this spraying to 

 mix the poisons in, it will also destroy the leaf 

 lice, aphides, bugs and all other insects injurious 

 to the fruit and foliage ; and then a third spray- 

 ing about June 10th, and your fruit is safe. 



Bern. 61. Plant Uia WM Plums. These Plums 

 planted en masse in sufficient quantity on a 

 place wiU gather unto themselves all the Plum 

 Curculios on the place and so protect all other 

 fruits from its ravages. And being on them the 

 female naturally lays her eggs in the fruit, few 

 of which ever hatch, and so few reach maturity 

 in this fruit. The extensive planting of the 

 same on a place mil alone well nigh extermin- 

 ate the pest.— WiER. 



Currant Borer. This little Caterpillar, for 

 it is really the larva of a beautiful little 

 blue moth, is becoming more and more 

 common. The moth lays the eggs on the 

 canes of the Currant in .Tune, and the larva 

 as soon as the egg hatches enters the stalk, 

 and not only hollows it out, but kills it out- 

 right. I (Professor Cook) know a certain 

 region in Michigan where these little pests 

 have ruined every Currant plantation ex- 

 cept a few that have been carefully looked 

 after. ■ 



Bern. 63. Removing Affected Parts. Cut all 

 such off late in the fall or early in the spring and 

 burn them. As the borers are now in the stems 

 they are also burned. The diseased canes can 

 easily be told by their dead or dying tips. Such 

 treatment is the price of the Currant bushes 

 wherever they are attacked by these insects. 



Currant and Gooseberry Slug or Worm. (JVc- 

 wiatMS ventricosus.) This voracious in- 

 8ect differs from the Cherry slug. The flies 

 are yellow, not black. The slugs are green, 

 or green dotted with black, and not brown. 

 They feed on the Gooseberry or Currant, 

 and eat the leaf entire, instead of merely 

 removing the cuticle. It is so readily dealt 

 with by the timely application of remedies 

 that there can be no possible excuse for the 

 shocking damage often seen done to these 

 useful fruits about town and country 

 homes. 



Rem. 63. Powdertd Hellebore. Hellebore 

 the best of kn(jwn remedies and a perfectly ef- 

 fectual one. Properly applied no harm can pos- 

 sibly result from it. It should, according to 

 Prof. Lintner, be used in the following manner. 

 Early in the spring, as soon as the leaves of the 

 Currant have fully put forth, watch for the first 

 indications of the hatching and commencement 

 of the y.oung larv*. You have only to look for 

 these on the liywest leaves of the hushes near the 

 ffround. The indications will be numerous 

 small holes eaten into the leaves. Sprinkle pow- 

 dered Hellebore over these leaves, renewing it 

 if washed away by rain, and the desired end is 

 accomplished. If the Hellebore remains upon 

 the leaves during the time that larvaj are hatch- 

 ing all will be killed, and none will remain for 

 subsequent spreading over the leaves and for 

 the need of future attention. It the first brood 

 of worms is thus destroyed there wUl be few if 

 any to form a second brood in June. 



■-. '.-/,■/////■/// //.t/,.'.'/;//j'l^m///, 



JF%g. 16. Cut Worms turned 

 away. Remedy 68. 



Rem. 64. Band Pinehino. Some find it con- 

 venient to watch for the fli-st eaten leaves, and 

 to pinch them off by hand and destroy them. 

 The eggs are always to be found conspicuously 

 arranged in rows upon the veins of the under 

 side of the leaves. 



Rem. 65. Nicntyl. laying some refuse to- 

 bacco stems from the clgarmaker's in the center 

 of each bush about May 1st, or mulching the 

 bushes with tobacco stems, or these mixed with 

 strawy manure, afford a complete remedy. 



Rem. 66. Dusting u'ith Soi)t. This has recent^ 

 ly been recommended as being equally as de- 

 structive to this worm as is Hellebore. 



Cut-Worms. (Aijrotis, etc.) Of these de- 

 structive worms, which have the habit of 

 leaving their places of concealment in the 

 soil at night, coining to the surface and cut- 

 ting off almost every kind of newly set 

 vegetable and 

 flowering plants, 

 there are now 

 known to be many 

 species. Those of 

 the genus Agrotis, 

 being mostly 

 thick,greasy-look- 

 ing Caterpillars of 

 some shade of 

 gray, brown or 

 green, variously 

 marked, are the 

 best known and 

 well to be looked 

 upon with dread. 



Rem. 67. Poisoning. Put a teaspoonful of 

 Paris green or London purple in two gallons of 

 water, and sprinkle handfuls of grass, or green 

 sods, which can then be scattered throughout the 

 patch, walking crossways of the harrow marks. 

 By doing this towards evening after the last 

 harrowing, during the night the cut worms that 

 are deprived of their food will be out looking for 

 fresh pastures and will appropriate of the pre- 

 pared bait, the smallest particle of the poison of 

 which will kill. If the worms are very trouble- 

 some, the remedy can be repeated, it being easily 

 applied. 



Rem. 68. Shielding the Stem. By encircling 

 each plant that is set with a bit of tar paper, or 

 even other paper, as shown in Figure 10, the rav- 

 ages of the worm may be prevented. The paper 

 should extend upwards several inches from a 

 point just beneath the surface of the soil. 

 Rem. 69. Fall PUnoing and Digging. 

 Rem. 70. Hunting and Kitting. By closely ex- 

 amining the surface of the soil in the morning, 

 in the vicinity of their spoils, their place of 

 retreat may usually be discovered, and the 

 worms be killed. 



Earth or Angle Worm. This common red 

 worm, found in all soils, is harmless so far 

 as eating the plants is concerned, but does 

 damage by feeding on the nutriment of the 

 soil and otherwise doing it injury. 



Rem. 71. Lime Water easily kills this worm, 

 the caustic of the lime acting fatally on its 

 cuticle. One peck of lime to a barrel of water 

 will make the needed solution, allowing this to 

 settle and watering the plants once thoroughly 

 with the clear water. 



Elm-leaf Beetle. The worm and larvae of 

 this pest has now become widely extended, 

 doing great injtiry to the Elm trees of our 

 cities. It is shown at work in the accom- 

 panying engraving, and its presence is soon 

 apparent by the blighted appearance of the 

 trees. 



Rem. 12, Araenical Poisons. Same as 4.3, which 

 should be applied for the first early in June, and 

 again a lew weeks later, if it seems necessary. 



Fir Tree Oil. See Remedy 34, 149. 

 I Fish Brine. See Remedy 20. 



Flea Beetles. (IldUlca.) As soon as the 

 Cabbage, Radish, Turnip, Ten Week Stocks, 

 and some other plants show their first leaves 

 in the spring they are liable to be visited by 

 the Black or Striped Flea Beetle. These 

 minute beetles soon do great injury to the 

 young plants if not checked. They are so 

 I .shy in their habits that it is quite difficult to 

 get a view of them, but their presence may 

 always be known by the spotted appearance 



of the leaves. The Grape-vine Flea Beetle is 

 a near relative, varying in color from steel 

 blue to metallic green and purple. 



Fig. 17. Imported Elm Beetle. A, eggs; b, larvm feed- 

 ing; c, adult; d, beetle enlarged; c, eggs enlarged. 



Rem. 73. Poisoning. The surest way to destroy 

 them is by using Paris green or London purple 

 mixed with land plaster, flour, dry leached 

 ashes, etc., one part of the poison to fifty of the 

 plaster. If the plants can be dusted in the morn- 

 ing so much the better, but I generally do it 

 when I first see the insects at work, which is in 

 the heat of the day. One application usually 

 suffices.— B. J. Coryell. 



Rem. 74, Dusting with Lime, Ashes, etc. This 

 common, simple remedy, if not so positive as the 

 last, yet proves very effective if persistently ap- 

 plied. 



Rem. 69. Domesticating ToacU. The large com- 

 mon toad is a most successful nocturnal collector 

 of beetles and other forms of insects, and its 

 presence in the garden and greenhouse should be 

 constantly encouraged. The stomach of one 

 examined was found to be nearly full of flea- 

 beetles of a species abounding on Cabbages and 

 Turnips in a garden. The toad is not partial to 

 any one kind of insect, however, but devours all 

 kinds with aridity and in immense numbei-s. 

 Fir Saw-fly. See Saw-flies. 

 Flour. See use of in Remedies 43, 78, 108. 

 Fowls. (76.) Under Remedies 19, 79, etc., 

 some reference Is made to these, to which 

 may be added that Turkeys,Ducks and Geese 

 are devours of great quantities of insects. We 

 have known of a garden being kept entirely 

 clean of these by permitting a small flock of 

 Ducks to make it their home. They do not 

 scratch like chickens. Muscovy Ducks are 

 objectionable, for they consume buds also. 

 Young Turkeys are voracious consumers of 

 insects. 



Gall Flies and their Grubs. Excrescences 

 of various kinds known as Galls and pro- 

 duced by the deposit of eggs of insects in the 

 bark or leaves of plants may often be seen. 

 What is commonly known as the Oak Apple 

 ' is caused by a Gall Fly. When cut longi- 

 ! tudinally the Gall is seen to inclose a great 

 ! number of granules, each containing a 

 minute larva. The Rose Gall, frequently 

 seen as rather a handsome globular excres- 

 1 cence on the branches of Wild Rose bushes, 

 ' is the work of another Gall Fly. The Elm, 

 Beech, and other trees, besides many other 

 forms of growth, frequently show Galls of 

 some kinds, either on the twigs, leaves, or 

 roots. 



Rem. 77. Removal and Biirnino. The only 

 remedy is to cut off the excrescences as soon as 

 they are observed, and putting them into the fire. 

 Gas Lime. See Remedy 49. 

 Gooseberry Slug. See Currant Slug. 

 Grape Berry Moth Larva. This worm at- 

 tacks the yoimg berries about July 1, show- 

 ing its presence by a discoloration at the 



