54 Economising of Surf aces under Glass, 



the trellis within. This is done for the purpose of preserving 

 the stem from external exposure ; and also for obtaining a 

 radius or sweep of 4 ft., when the vines are to be taken in or out 

 of the house, besides having the width of the ventilator itself, 

 which is other 4 ft. ; and thus, if possible, avoiding the injurious 

 effects that so frequently arise from twisting, in consequence 

 of the circumscribed means of ingress and egress generally 

 afforded. For the purpose of obtaining a succession of grapes 

 in the same house, it is proposed to introduce only one half 

 of the vines at a time, say about one month or so before 

 the other half. The vines will be trained in single spurred 

 rods from the bottom to the top of the house, at intervals of 

 every 5 ft., having a run of upwards of 20 ft. Length of bar, 

 rafter, or trellis, I consider of the highest impoi'tance in the 

 training of the vine. Thus, again, at a season of the year 

 when the pines require a partial shade, the vines so trained 

 will effect this. 



With respect to the preparation of the vine border, of 

 which a plan {fg' 13.) and sections {figs. 16. and 17.) are 

 are also given, I con- ,^ 



ceive, in connexion with ^ 



this, that a much more j—^^s^^ 

 interesting subject than 'aiS^lM^ii 

 any of those I have as ,• 



yet tOUCheCl upon, re- pjg ig cross section of the Border, pathway before the front 

 mains for consideration IVall, and IValk at the Extremity of the Border. 



namely, the application ^. Air chamber. a Hot-water pipe chamber. '. »«-am. 



n •r> • 1 1 (• ^' Walk m front of the border. I, Border. m, Path- 



of artificial heat from way, with wooden tubes under it for the stems of the vines. 



the same heating apparatus that supplies bottom and surface heat 

 to the house within. Considering the many facts bearing on the im- 

 portance of obtaining for exotic or forced fruits a suitable propor- 

 tion of terrestrial temperature, according with what nature has 



Fig. 17. Longitudinal Section qf the Vine Border, 



t. Prepared soil on the prepared bottom. v. Hot-water pipe chamber. v v. Air-drains. 



provided for such in their native countries ; and also the many 

 evidences bearing on the necessity for some material change in this 

 respect, especially as regards early forced fruits ; likewise the many 

 bad consequences arising from deep planting, deep borders, and 

 cold retentive subsoils ; I say, with such circumstances as these 

 before me, I feel myself called upon unhesitatingly to submit 

 what I may venture to hope will be found a material improve- 

 ment in horticultural science. That the ripening of the wood, 



