Gen. Totleben Pear. 287 



one having a few rods of ground may not gather violets every day in the 

 year. 



From May to November, we can have a succession of those which we 

 have mentioned, in the open border, by only caring that the plants are not 

 burned up by the sun. From November to May, we need the aid of a cold 

 frame. Now, how to make it .? Prepare a bed of rich soil, and, about the 

 middle of May, procure some small plants of the English, the Neapolitan, 

 and Giant Violets. Set these about nine inches apart, and keep the bed 

 free from weeds, and, as it must be in a sunny situation, well watered ; 

 encourage the growth of runners, and by November the bed will be filled 

 with a strong, vigorous growth. As soon as the ground begins to freeze at 

 night, cover the bed with a frame, drawing on the glass at night, but giving 

 plenty of air on warm, sunny days. The single English will begin to bloom 

 in early autumn, and there will be plenty by the middle of November : 

 these will be succeeded by the Giant, and these by the Neapolitan : so that 

 a succession of bloom will be kept up until spring. 



As the weather in autumn becomes colder, cover the glass with mats and 

 shutters, so as to keep out the frost, but give light on every sunny day. 



During winter, very little water will be required ; and on every day when 

 mercury is above freezing in the sun, plenty of violets may be gathered. It 

 is a good plan to have several frames, and to open them in succession ; and 

 thus a plentiful supply may be gained. 



Any one with a small sunny city-yard can raise violets ; and certainly 

 the fragrant blossoms will well repay the small outlay of time and money 

 required. 



Glen Ridge, April 22, 1869. 



GEN. TOTLEBEN PEAR. 



By Marshall P. Wilder, President American Pomological Society. 



Size very large ; form pyriform, approaching obovate, broad at the cen- 

 tre, narrowed in the neck ; surface a little uneven ; stem variable, generally 

 long, sometimes an inch and a half, enlarged at the junction, inserted 

 without depression ; skin green, becoming nearly yellow at maturity, with 



