MYCOLOGY 



ous trees. P. caudicimis is one of the most dangerous enemies of shade 

 trees in Europe but, fortunately, it is rare in America. 



The genus Fames includes the fungi with corky, woody, or rarely 

 punky hymenophore, which is sessile, hoof-shaped, or applanate (Fig. 

 91). The substance of the fruit body is white, flesh-colored, or wood- 

 colored. The tubes are cylindric and usually thick walled. Fomes 

 annosus will live on trunk and roots of coniferous trees, Fomes 

 (Pyropolyporus) igniarius causes serious heart rots of trees. It was 

 formerly the source of tinder. Dcedalea quercina (Fig. 202) is a corky, 

 or woody, species common on oak and chestnut trees. It is at first 

 porous, but these pores coalesce to form slits with blunt partitions. 

 It is very common about Philadelphia. Lenzites betulinus is common 

 on dead deciduous wood. 



FiSTULiNOiDEiE, — The most important genus of this subfamily is 

 Fistulina, which comprises about six species. F. hepatica is the com- 

 monest form, and is known by its English name beefsteak fungus or, 

 in French, langue de hoeiif. The tongue-shaped fruit body projects 

 from the tree and is six to ten inches across with a liver-colored and 

 sticky gelatinous surface. The mouths of the tubes are closely packed. 

 It is edible, when fully mature, its flavor resembhng beefsteak. 



BoLETOiDE^. — The members of this subfamily are tube-bearing 

 fungi differing from the Polyporoide^ in their fleshy substance and 

 terrestrial habit. They have a cap and stipe like a mushroom, but 

 porous tubes instead of gills on the under cap surface. They occur 

 usually in forested tracts during summer and autumn. The annual 

 hymenophore is usually centrally stipitate. Many of the best edible 

 fungi (few of them poisonous) are found in this subfamily, which in- 

 cludes, according to Murrill in North America, Central America and 

 the West Indies, as far as Trinidad, eleven genera. 



Boletus (Tylopilus) felleus (Fig. 90) is common iji woodlands. It 

 is discarded as an edible form, because of its bitter taste. Forty-eight 

 species of Ceriomyces are listed by Murrill for America. The genus 

 Boletus proper is made to contain only five species, while Strohilomyces 

 strobilaceus still retains its old name. This rough shaggy form is 

 regarded as edible. 



