CLASSIFICATION OF PLANT ABNORMALITIES 339 



Sphaerochorisis (Fermond). — Multiple division of an axis in all 

 directions producing a witches'-broom-like arrangement of branches. 



Speiranthy (Ch. Morren). — The anomalous condition in which the 

 flowers develop into a twisted form. 



Spiroism (Ch. Morren).— An elongated snail-like development of 

 an organ. 



Staminody. — The transformation of a petal into a stamen. 



Stasimorphy (Masters). — The arrest in the development of an 

 organ, or an organ complex, and the stoppage of development at a lower 

 stage. 



Stesomy (Ch. Morren). — A term with similar usage to stasimorphy. 



Strophomany (Schimper).^ — A term used in the same sense as 

 biastrepsis for twisting, or torsion. 



Suppression. — The complete abortion of an organ. 



Synandry.^ — The abnormal union of stamens. 



Synanthy.^ — Lateral union of two or more flowers. This condition 

 can arise in a number of ways; for example, by the approach and fusion 

 of two floral fundaments, or through the partial forking of a receptacle, 

 or through floriparous.ecblastesis, etc. 



Synanthody. — ^Lateral union of two floral buds on the same stalk, 

 or on two pedunfles which have become fasciated. 



Syncarpy.- — ^Lateral fusion of two or more fruits. This condition 

 is the natural result of synanthy. 



Synophthy (Ch. Morren). — The union of two leaf buds, or foliage 

 shoots with each other. 



Sjmspermy.^ — The fusion of several seeds. 



Taxitery (Gubler). — A modification which is so slight that it admits 

 of comparison with the normal form. Contrast Idiotery. 



Torsion. — A spiral twisting, or bending, or parts or organs. 



Triplasy (Fermond). — The separation of an organ into three analo- 

 gous structures. Trifurcation. 



Virescence. — The abnormal development of flowers in which all 

 organs are colored green and more or less wholly transformed to small 

 foliage leaves. If the metamorphosis is complete, there result foliage 

 leaves with distinct lamina and this condition is known as frondescence. 



In concluding this glossary of teratologic terms, it might be well 

 to add that a recent work on plant teratology has appeared. It is 

 designed to bring our knowledge up to date. The first volume of 



