ROCK PIPIT. 435 



brown ; the outer tail-feather on each side pale brownish 

 white, lightest in colour at the end ; the next feather on 

 each side dark brown, with a light-coloured tip only ; the 

 next three on each side very dark brown ; the two central 

 feathers light brown, and shorter than the others ; the tail 

 in shape slightly forked ; the chin dull white ; the throat, 

 breast, belly, and under tail-coverts, yellowish brown, 

 slightly tinged with green, spotted and clouded with brown ; 

 the flanks olive brown ; the legs, toes, and claws brown ; 

 the hind claw longer than the toe, larger than that of the 

 Meadow Pipit, and considerably curved. 



The sexes do not differ in plumage ; during the breeding 

 season the adult birds on the upper surface of the body are 

 of a dull brown ; but slightly tinged with green, and the 

 outer tail-feathers on each side exhibit more white. After 

 the breeding season, old birds and the young birds of the 

 year have more of the olive tint above, and the outside tail- 

 feathers are dull whitish brown. 



The whole length of an adult bird is about six inches and 

 three-quarters, but rather less than more. From the carpal 

 joint to the end of the longest primary three inches and five- 

 eighths : the first quill-feather rather the longest of the 

 whole ; the next three but a trifle shorter than each other 

 in succession ; the fifth feather three- eighths of an inch 

 shorter than the fourth. 



P P2 



