468 EMBERIZID^E. 



on the shores of the Arctic Sea. The nest, placed on a 

 small hillock, among moss and stones, is composed exter- 

 nally of the dry stems of grass, interwoven to a conside- 

 rable thickness, and lined very neatly and compactly with 

 deer's hair. The eggs, usually seven, are pale ochre-yel- 

 low, spotted with brown." Captain James Eoss, in the 

 Appendix quoted in the history of the Shore Lark, says, 

 the Lapland Bunting was " by no means numerous in the 

 higher northern latitudes. A nest with five eggs was 

 brought on board early in July 1830." 



The adult male in spring and summer has the beak 

 yellow, with the point black ; irides hazel ; the lore, or 

 space between the base of the beak and the eye, the fore- 

 head, crown of the head, and occiput, velvet black, with a 

 collar of bright chestnut on the nape of the neck and 

 upper part of the back ; the feathers of the back, wings, 

 and upper tail-coverts, reddish brown at the edge, dark 

 brown at the centre ; the small wing-coverts edged with 

 white ; the greater coverts and tertials with a broad mar- 

 gin of red ; quill-feathers blackish brown, with narrow 

 light-coloured exterior margins ; the tail-feathers also 

 blackish brown, with reddish edges ; the two outer fea- 

 thers with a conical white spot at the end; the tail forked; 

 the chin, cheeks, ear-coverts, throat, and breast, velvet 

 black ; behind the eye, and surrounding the ear-coverts, a 

 streak of white which descends to the breast, bounding the 

 black on the throat and breast ; lower part of the breast, 

 the belly, and under tail-coverts, dull white ; sides of the 

 breast and flanks spotted with black ; legs, toes, and claws, 

 pitch black ; the hind claw almost straight. 



The whole length about six inches and a quarter. From 

 the carpal joint to the end of the wing, three inches and a 

 half: the first quill-feather the longest in the wing. 



