520 FRINGILLHLE. 



brown, with lighter brown edges ; chin and throat black : 

 under the eye and over the ear-coverts a narrow black 

 streak ; cheeks, and sides of the neck, with a triangular 

 spot of pure black ; breast, belly, and under tail-coverts, 

 dull brownish white, darker on the sides and flanks ; under 

 coverts of the wings pale fawn colour ; legs, toes, and 

 claws, pale brown. 



The whole length of the male five inches and five- 

 eighths. The first quill-feather the same length as the 

 fifth ; the second, third, and fourth, nearly equal in length, 

 and the longest in the wing, but the second rather the long- 

 est of the three. 



The female is smaller than the male, measuring only five 

 inches three-eighths in length ; but the plumage is the same, 

 except that the colours are not quite so bright as those of 

 the male. 



The young birds in their nestling feathers possess the 

 chestnut head, black throat, and the white on the side of 

 the neck ; but the colours are paler than those of the adult 

 birds, 



The vignette below represents the breast-bones of the 

 Brambling and the House Sparrow. 



