APPLE INSECTS 45 



some seasons, while on the other hand the puparia 

 may remain in the soil over another winter, thus 

 making a two-year life cycle. 



Control — Spray last days of June or first week 

 of July with arsenate of lead, 5 pounds to 100 gal- 

 lons of water, and repeat in two wxeks. Clean cul- 

 ture of orchards appears to aid in the fight. 



The ribbed cocoon maker ^^ (Bucailatrix 



pomifolieUa) 



Order — Lepidoptera. Manual, p. 253 



In the middle of September larvae creep to 

 branches and make white, ribbed, winter cases and 

 change to pupae ; in May the moths appear and soon 

 lay their eggs on under sides of leaves ; they hatch 

 in a week or 10 days and mine into leaves ; they feed 

 for 8 or 10 days and then emerge from the leaf and 

 make a molting cocoon, molt again in 5 or 6 days, 

 then feed again for a week and then spin true 

 cocoons; moths appear in from i to 2 weeks and 

 lay eggs for a second brood about the first week of 

 August. 



Control — Spray in March with lime-sulphur at 

 scale strengths ; spray in June with arsenate of lead, 

 2j'4 pounds to 50 gallons. 



Oyster-shell bark louse^'^ {Lcpidosaphcs ulmi) 

 Order — Hemiptera 



This insect passes winter as whitish eggs under- 

 neath the brown, elongated, oyster-shell like scales 

 on the bark of the tree; eggs hatch in May and 

 June and the young soon settle and secrete their 

 own scale; probably one generation a year in New 

 York. 



Control — Spraying with lime-sulphur at scale 



16 Slingerland— Cornell Univ. Expt. Stat., Bull. 214. 



17 Quaintance— U. S. Fu. Ent., Circ. 121. 



