APPLE INSECTS 51 



Yellow-necked caterpillars ^^ (Datana 



ministra) 



Order — Lepidoptera. Manual, p. 265 



Eggs laid in large white clusters in June and 



July; larvae are gregarious, and often occur in large 



clusters on single branches; pupate in the earth in 



August and September, where they remain until the 



following spring; moths appear in June and July. 



^ Control — Same as for the red-humped cater- 

 pillars. 



The palmer-worm^'^ (Ypsolophus Ugiilclliis) 

 Order — Lepidoptera 



This is an insect that appears occasionally in in- 

 jurious numbers; the larvae destroy foliage and eat 

 into fruit during June; moths appear first part of 

 July and live over winter until following spring; 

 eggs laid mostly on undersides of leaves. 



Control — Spray with arsenate of lead, 2^ 

 pounds to 50 gallons when petals have three-fourths 

 dropped and again in three weeks. 



Buffalo tree-hopper^^ {Ceresa bubalus) 

 Order — Hemiptera 



Eggs laid most commonly in early September in 

 slits made in the bark of branches; characteristic 

 oval scars are left; eggs hatch in April or early 

 May; the nymphs feed on succulent weeds in 

 orchard; branches of affected trees become weak- 

 ened and break off. 



Control — Clean culture in and about the or- 

 chard to starve nymphs ; careful and judicious prun- 

 ing of infested branches. 



The plum curculio — An important enemy to 

 the apple. It causes knotty, scarred fruit and is 



2s Sanderson — New Hampshire Expt. Stat, Bull. 139. 



29 Slingerland— Cornell Univ. Expt. Stat., Bull. 187. 



30 Hodgkiss— N. Y. State Expt. Stat, Tech. Bull. 17. 



