CABBAGE INSECTS 93 



roots and later into the main roots; the maggots 

 complete their growth in 3 to 4 weeks and pupate 

 in the soil near the cabbage plants ; the pupal stage 

 lasts from 12 to 18 days and they pass the winter 

 as pupae ; probably three broods and in some seasons 

 a partial fourth brood. 



Control — For seed plants in beds, screen the 

 beds w^ith muslin; for plants in the field, destroy 

 all cabbage, radish, and turnip stumps, leaves and 

 refuse; plow in fall to destroy puparia; use tarred 

 papers on plants in field; use carbolic acid solution 

 and screens of muslin for radishes in garden ; helle- 

 bore, I ounce to 2 gallons of water seems to control 

 the fly on radishes. 



Cutworms on cabbages^ (Various species) 

 Order — Lepidoptera 



There are many kinds of cutworms all larvae of 

 noctuid moths ; these larvae attack various kinds of 

 plants and cause a great amount of injury; they 

 remain in the ground mostly during the day and 

 work mainly at night. 



The spotted cutworm moths are flying from late 

 May to October; they deposit their ribbed, hemi- 

 spherical eggs singly or in clusters on the leaves 

 of plants ; the eggs hatch and each cutworm, which 

 is ashy gray to browmish in color with two rows of 

 black spots on the back, becomes i^ inches long 

 and feeds upon cabbage, tomato, turnip, onion, and 

 other plants ; when it becomes grown it transforms 

 to a pupa in the ground; there are probably two 

 generations annually and the partly grown cater- 

 pillars pass the winter completing their growth in 

 the spring; at this time they are voracious and cause 

 much injury. 



Control — Do not follow sod with crops the cut- 



9 Gibson— Canad. Dept. Agr., Ent. Br., Bull. 10, p. 23. 



