PREFACE 



A SATISFACTORY course in Zoology requires field, laboratory, 

 and text-book work on a series of typical animals. This 

 method will bring the student into contact with the animal 

 world in its manifold relations. 



The teacher may follow any order which he prefers, but the 

 studies in this guide are arranged with a view to seasonal 

 supply. Insects are plentiful and easily obtained by the 

 class in the fall, while fishes, frogs, and turtles may be kept 

 in aquaria or purchased at any time from dealers in zoologic 

 supplies. Also, the dissection of the vertebrate forms is less 

 unpleasant in the winter. Earthworms and lower forms may 

 be obtained in the spring. 



Zoology is a study of animals and not information about 

 animals. As Ruskin says, '' the greatest thing in the world is 

 for a man to see something and to tell clearly what he saw." 

 It is intended that the student find his answers in the animal 

 before him. 



Things he cannot get from the animal in the laboratory he 

 should get from the study of the animal in the field, or, where 

 this is impossible, from descriptive zoologies. ''Principles of 

 Economic Zoology," Part II, is intended to supply this need. 



In the preparation of these studies, helpful suggestions have 

 been used from time to time from various authors, but they 

 are largely the result of many years' teaching of Zoology, of 

 personal investigation, of travel and observation from the 

 Atlantic to the Pacific, and in the best schools of Europe. 



The Authors. 



IviRKSViLLE, Mo., November, 1912. 



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19663 



