164 REPTILIA (the turtle) 



(a) From what organs or parts of the body do they 



originate? 



(b) Where do they unite? 



(c) Where do they empt}' into the heart? 



(4) Make a diagram of the circulatory organs, showing the 



pericardium, ventricles, auricles, and principal 

 arteries and veins. Indicate upon each artery the 

 organ supplied, and upon each vein the organ from 

 which it comes. 

 3. The Digestive System. 



(1) The Mouth. 



(a) Shape? 



(b) Size? 



(c) Position, terminal or ventral? 



(d) How wide does the mouth of your specimen open? 



(1) How does it open so wide? 



(2) When? 



(3) Why? 



(2) The Teeth. 



What does the turtle have instead of teeth? Why? 



(3) The Tongue. 



(a) Is it long or short? 



(b) Shape? 



(c) Where attached? 



(d) Rough or smooth? 



(e) Use? 



(1) The Mandibles, or Jaws. 



(a) Size and strength? 



(b) Are the edges smooth or serrated? 



(c) Do they overlap, or do they close against each other? 



Why? 



(d) Use of the mandibles? 



(5) The Esophagus or Gullet. 



(a) Is it flabby and collapsed, or a rigid and open tube 



like the trachea? 



(b) Of what kind of tissue is it composed? 



(c) Thrust a probe down the gullet and ascertain its 



diameter. 



(d) Ascertain its length to the stomach. Why so long? 



