166 REPTILIA (the turtle) 



(6) The Stomach. Locate and describe, giving its shape, 



size, and color. 



(7) The Liver has been studied. (See (7) (c), p. 162.) 



(8) The Pancreas is in the first fold of the intestine. 



(a) Shape? 



(b) Color? 



(c) Size? 



(d) Use? 



(9) The Mesentery is a thin membrane which suspends the 



intestines. 



(a) Does it contain any blood-vessels? 



(b) From what source do they come? 



(c) To what do they lead? 



(10) The Spleen is a small dark red body in the mesentery. 



(a) Locate it. 



(b) Use? 



(11) The Intestines pass from the stomach to the vent. 



(a) Carefully cut the mesentery and unravel them. Are 



they coiled or straight? 



(b) Do they vary in diameter in different places? If so, 



where, and how much? 



(c) Length of turtle's intestines as compared with the 



length of its body? 



(12) The Cloaca. This is the enlargement of the intestine 



just before it reaches the vent. The intestines, kid- 

 neys, and reproductive organs open into it. 



(13) Sketch the entire alimentary canal from the mouth 



to the vent, placing the various organs in their proper 

 order and naming each of them. 

 4. The Respiratory Sj^stem. 



(1) The Nostrils. 



(a) Do they open into the mouth? Probe with a bristle 



and see. 



(b) Does the turtle l)reathe through its nostrils only, or 



does it swallow air also? 



(c) Does the turtle both breathe through and smell 



with its nostrils? 



(2) The Glottis. Find an opening in the base of the 



tongue leading to the trachea. 



