168 REPTILIA (the turtle) 



(3) The Trachea. Trace it to its branches, the bronchi, 



which lead to the lungs. 



(a) Is it long or short? Why? 



(b) Is it an open rigid tube or a flabby collapsed one? 



Why? 



(c) Of what kind or kinds of tissue is it composed? 



(4) The Lungs. 



(a) How much of the body-cavity do they fill when in- 



flated? 



(b) Estimate approximately their capacity in cubic 



inches. 



(5) Make a diagram of the respiratory organs and name 



each. 



5. The Reproductive and Excretory Systems. 



(1) The Reproductive Organs. 



(a) If the specimen is a female, the reproductive organs 



will appear as long coiled tubes filled with eggs 

 in the breeding season. 



(b) If a male, the reproductive organs will appear as a 



pair of yellowish bodies just below the kidneys. 

 Do not confuse the reproductive organs with the 

 slender branched fatt}^ bodies generally present. 



(2) The Kidneys are two flat bodies along the backbone. 



(a) Color? 



(b) Length? 



(c) Trace the ureter from each kidney to the cloaca. 



(d) Sketch the kidneys, ureters, and openings into the 



cloaca. 



6. The Nervous System. Follow the directions given for the 

 nervous system of the frog. 



How do the parts of the turtle's brain compare with the 

 frog's as to size, shape, and appearance? 



7. The Muscular System. 



(1) Find the origin and insertion of the muscles that pro- 



tract and retract the neck. What wonderful adap- 

 tations for a specific purpose do you discover? 



(2) Dissect off all the muscles from the bones, leaving 



enough ligaments to hold the bones in their proper 

 places. 



