Gatty Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews. 167 
Langerhans * (1880) enters eleven from Madeira, three 
of which are Spirorbids. Some of the entries are doubtful. 
Harvey Gibson + (1886) mentions seven in his “ Catalogue 
of the Vermes of the Liverpool District”; but one of the 
two Spirorbids is uncertain. Nineteen species are entered 
by Lo Bianco ¢ (1893) in his “Tubicolous Annelids of 
Naples,” and several of these are synonymous. As a 
result of many years of patient labour at Dinard, France, 
De St. Joseph met with nine species, all under diverse 
genera. A single species of Spirorbis is entered. 
Mr. Southern § (1914) enters eight species in the ‘* Survey 
of Clare Island,” three of which are Spirorbids. 
Six occur in Allen’s || (1915) “ Catalogue of the Polycheta 
of Plymouth and South Devon,” three of which are Spi- 
rorbids. 
The first form is Protula tubularia, Montagu, which 
especially abounds in British waters, voth in the south and 
in the north. When the branchiz are removed, the anterior 
aspect of the cephalic plate presents in the middle the two 
somewhat triangular scars for the bases of the branchiz, 
each surrounded by a rim, whilst between and beneath 
them is the central mass connected with the mouth. 
Dorsally, a fillet trends upward on each side to join the 
prominent, curved, and acutely-pointed dorsal folds of the 
collar, which forms a continuous frill on the lateral and 
ventral edges. The branchiz are barred with pink and 
green (Montagu), those, however, from Plymouth being 
tinted only with red. | 
Whilst a certain agreement exists between the cephalic 
region of Protula and the Sabellide, the tenacity with 
which the branchie cling to the basal tissue is characteristic 
of the Serpulids. In Protula the branchize form two com- 
paratively short forms, the filaments in each of which 
range from thirty to sixty. They do not, as a rule, 
present a spiral arrangement in the preparations, though 
the tips are often coiled in various ways. Hach filament 
springs from a basal web, which is elongated dorso-ventrally 
to accommodate the large series of these organs, and 
distally ends in a free subulate process, considerably longer 
for instance, than in P. intestimum, in which the short tip 
* Zeitschr. f. w. Zool. Bd. xxxiv. p. 118. 
7 Proc. Lit. Phil. Soc. Liverpool, vol. xl. p. 159. 
¢ Atti Acad. Fisiche Mat. Napoli, vol. v. no. 1], pp. 81-95, 
§ Proc. R. Irish Acad. vol. xxxi. no. 47, p. 146. 
| Jour, M. B. A. n.s., vol. x, p. 643. 
