some Species of Crisia. 477 
C. denticulata they are usually alternate on the following 
branch. There are about twenty to twenty-six zocecia in an 
internode, with zocecia about 0°26 mm, apart. 
In the specimen figured there are, besides the ordinary 
narrow radicles (0°06 mm.), some wide tubes (0°09-0°12 mm.) 
given off, either from the end of an internode, or in place of a 
lateral branch from the basis rami; these may grasp any 
adjacent object spread out and give rise to a new subcolony 
(fig. 10, w.r.). In the Journ. Linn. Soc., Zool. vol. xxx1. 
pl. xxiv. fig. 3, I have figured several radicles from the end 
of one branch, but these continue the same size as ordinary 
radicles, not wide as in the present case. Also in C. sin- 
clatrensis, Busk, one of the terminal members of an internode 
is continued as a long conical spine, becoming narrow at 
the end, and in one speeimen in my possession from Port 
Elizabeth, S. Africa, it is jointed, showing a similarity to a 
radicle. 
I have several examples of Crisia throwing out radicles, 
some even a considerable distance from the base, from which 
fresh subcolonies can grow, but I know no other case in 
which there are wide radicles, of a different type to the 
ordinary ones, replacing a branch. 
With regard to the wide internodes, there is a resemblance 
to C. conferta, Busk, which has a funnel-shaped oceciostome 
and wider basis rami, to C. elongata, Harmer, which has 
black joints, to C. elongata, Waters, C. serrata, Waters, 
C. denticulata, Lamx., all with black joints. 
C. sertularoides, Aud., has light joints and the oceciostome 
has a funnel. 
Loc. Naples; Rapallo; Villefranche-sur-Mer ; Oran 
(Algiers) ; Cape Verde Island, collected by Crossland. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATE XVI. 
Fig. 1. Crisia serrata, sp.n., X 50. From’Port Elizabeth, 8. Africa. 
Fig. 2. Ditto, X 25. Dorsal surface. 
ig. 3. Crisia oranensis, sp. n., X 25. From Oran (Algiers). 
Fig. 4. Crisia eburneo-denticulata, Busk, X 12, From Gfanyille Bay, 
West Greenland. 
Fig. 5. Ditto, x 2. 
%g. 6. Crisia eburnea, L., X 25, Showing the “graft” form of the 
basis rami. 
Fig. 7. Crisia serrata, sp. n., X 12. 
Fig. 8. Ditto, x 2. 
Fig. 9. Crisia sugmoidea, sp.n., X 25, Ovicell. From Naples. 
Fig. 10. Ditto, x 12. From Naples. Dorsal surface, showing wide 
radicles starting from the basis rami and replacing the 
branches ; see (w.7.). 
