282 



PESTS OF ORCHARD AND SMALL FRUITS 



The life round in this species is different from that of the spring 

 canker-worm. The full-grown larva enters the soil to transform, but 



the adults emerge in the fall, instead 

 of the spring. The female is wingless, 

 and at once climbs the trunk and lays 

 her eggs. These eggs remain over win- 

 ter. They hatch in the spring, with 

 the opening of the apple foliage. 



Spraying with arsenical poisons will 

 control this species. If it is desired to 

 control the pest by banding, it will be 

 necessary to apply bands in the fall, 

 so as to prevent the females from 

 crawling up to the higher parts of the 

 tree, and to renew the bands in the spring to prevent the young 

 worms from ascending. The females, if stopped in the fall by bands, 

 will lay eggs below the ob- 

 structions, and thus further 

 banding at the hatching sea- 

 son in the spring is essential. 



The Currant Spanworm 



{Cymatophora ribearia Fitch) 



This worm is one of the 



loopers or measuring worms. 



Fig. 408.— Eggs of the Fall 

 Canker-worm. Enlarged and 

 natural size. Original. 



fS'^ 



Fig. 410. — Adult of the Currant Span- 

 worm. Original. 



Fig. 409. — The Currant Spanworm. 

 Slightly enlarged. Original. 



It is a little over an inch long 

 when mature, is Ught yellow- 

 ish or cream colored, and dot- 

 ted with black. The worms 

 appear in early spring from 

 eggs laid on the stems the 

 previous summer by the par- 

 ent moth. When they are 

 very abundant, the foliage is 

 destroyed by them. 



