310 



PESTS OF ORCHARD AND SMALL FRUITS 



Late fall or early spring plowing to bury fallen leaves is the simplest 

 means of control. ■ 



Fig. 473. — Larva of the Apple Leaf 

 Trumpet Miner. Enlarged and nat- 

 ural size. Original. 



Fig. 474. —Adult of the Apple Leaf 

 Trumpet Miner. Enlarged and 

 natural size. Original. 



The Blackberry Leaf-miner {Metallus ruhi Forbes) 

 The leaves of blackberry sometimes show numerous blotch mines, 

 caused by a small larva working within the leaf tissue. Occasionally 

 the foliage is severely injured. There are two to four broods in a 

 summer, the later ones doing the most damage. The adult is a small 

 sawfiy. 



No direct means of control are known except to remove infested 

 leaves early in the season. 



The Resplendent Shield-bearer (Coptodisca splendoriferella Clem.) 



# *^4^ 



Fig. 475. — Cocoons of the Resplen- 

 dent Shield-bearer on a piece of 

 bark. Original. 



Fig. 476. — The Resplendent Shield- 

 bearer. Apple leaf showing mines 

 and sections removed. 



Occasionally apple, plum, or quince show the characteristic work 

 of this insect. Round, transparent mines are made in the leaves, and 



