312 



FESTS OF ORCHARD AND SMALL FRUITS 



quickly, and flies readily. Attack by it is most noticeable in Sep- 

 tember. The njTiiphs look like the adults, except that they are smaller 



Fig. 478. — Work of the Grape Leaf -hopper. Original. 



and have no wings. Both adults and nymphs feed on the under sur- 

 face of the leaves. 



The adults leave the grape in October and migrate to neighboring 

 vegetation. They overwinter in dead, fallen leaves, clumps of grass, or 

 any similar protection. In spring they feed first on weeds, then 



migrate back to the grapes 

 and feed on the young shoots 

 and leaves. Eggs are laid in 

 the tissue of the grape leaves 

 in June and July. Nymphs 

 emerge shortly, and are numer- 

 ous in July and August. The 

 nymphs do not hop or fly, 

 merely running around over 

 the leaves. There is one gen- 

 eration each year. 

 Cleaning up rubbish in the vineyard is only of nominal value, since 

 the adults migrate in October to neighboring hiding places. The best 



Fig. 479. — The Grape Leaf-hopper. En- 

 larged and natural size. Original. 



